The selected article to synthesis and critique is “Receiving Spiritual Care: Experiences of Dying and Grieving Individuals,” by Bonavita, Yakushko, Morgan Consoli, Jacobsen, and Mancuso (2018). The article focuses on examining the perceptions of interfaith spiritual care. The synthesis and critique of the article will be based on different questions that will help in addressing a wide range of elements that are significant in the study.
Theoretical Framework
From the analysis of the article, Bonavita, Yakushko, Morgan Consoli, Jacobsen, and Mancuso (2018) make use of a multilevel theoretical framework in trying to understand the perceptions held on interfaith care for individuals facing death or dying. According to Masa and Chowa (2017), the framework incorporates structural-level, interpersonal and intra-personal models to analyze and transform health behaviors. In other words, the multilevel theoretical framework acknowledges the importance of environmental, social and personal aspects on behavior and cognition to understand how structural factors, such as religion, prevents or enables treatment adherence. The use of this theoretical framework provides the researchers with a better front for in-depth articulation of the issue at hand to determine the extent to which spiritual care is considered as an option when providing hospice care. The expectation is that it allows for evaluation of literature sources to determine the extent to which researchers have appreciated the value placed on receiving spiritual care. The evidence gathered provides a clear understanding of how spiritual care has been accepted widely across the world.
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Personally, this is the most appreciate theoretical framework for the article, as it gives the researchers a broader perspective of the issue that they intend to research. What can be noted from the article is that the researchers engage in what can be described as a broader understanding of how spiritual care interrelates with palliative care. The researchers use multiple sources of information including researches conducted on the issue, as well as, data from professional organizations, such as World Health Organization. That expands their perspective on the issue; thus, advancing what they consider as the best possible outcome in understanding the role of spirituality in palliative care practices.
Sampling Strategy Used
The sampling strategy used in the purposeful selection of the participants in the study was stratified sampling. The sampling strategy focuses on the selection of a study population that has different characteristics to represent the characteristics of an entire population. For a purposeful selection of participants in a study, the stratified sampling strategy capitalizes on dividing the sample population into sub groups known as strata, which are based on specific characteristics such as gender and age range. The selection of participants using the given sampling methods aims at ensuring that the sample population selected represents the entire population and capitalize on proportional representation of every characteristics in the sample.
Considering the nature of study, the sampling strategy used was appropriate and helped in enhancing the level of accuracy of the findings. The main reason stratified sampling strategy was appropriate for the study was the fact that it provided greater precision. The stratified samples included participants with different characteristics to represent the whole study population. The second reason involved the fact that it is easy to work with the subgroups considering they have different characteristics that are relevant for the study. Lastly, the sampling methods involves the use of a smaller sample, which is an aspect that makes it easy when dealing with the sample population.
Measurement and Data Collection Tool(s)
To aid in data collection, Bonavita et al. (2018) use interviews conducted at specific times and locations that were selected by the participants. Specifically, the researchers undertook both phone and one-on-one interviews to help in collection of relevant data that would then be used to make valid conclusions on the study being conducted. The analysis of the interviews conducted shows that they varied in length considering that some of the participants selected for the study faced both physical and cognitive limitations attributed to their end-of-life experiences. Basically, undertaking the interviews was somewhat of a challenge for some of the participants selected for the study.
Bonavita et al. (2018) engage in a three-stage data analysis approach to help them make relevant conclusions on the data collected. The first stage of the analysis was immersion, which was a process focused on reading and evaluation of the transcripts from the interviews conducted. The second state was transformation of the data, which involved construction of an overall theme based on the data collected. The last stage was organization, which focused on the interpretation of data based on its relevance to the topic of discussion. In my view, each of the methods considered was appropriate, as it gives the researchers greater control over the data; thus, advancing their abilities to make relevant conclusions.
Evidence of Rigor
When evaluating the way information has been presented, there is clear evidence to suggest rigor on the part of the researchers as a way of trying to establish a clear connection between their findings to those from other studies. The researchers are thorough in every aspect of the study including their approach to collection of data, as well as, the analysis of the data collected. The article shows that the researchers have a deeper level of understanding of the topic attributed to their ability to articulate issue in a manner showing competency.
From my analysis of the findings, I feel that they are not only valid but can also be considered as being reliable; thus, meaning that they can be transferred and applied to clinical practice with ease. The main reason I believe in the findings is because the researchers embark on an evidence-based approach allowing them to engage in an acceptable discussion on the issue at hand. From the onset, the authors are using evidence in the presentation of their information, which provides them with a much better understanding of what previous studies have gathered on the topical area of discussion. That serves as a basis for their engagement in the study guiding them in data collection and analysis to achieve best possible study outcomes.
References
Bonavita, A., Yakushko, O., Morgan Consoli, M. L., Jacobsen, S., & Mancuso, R. L. L. (2018). Receiving spiritual care: experiences of dying and grieving individuals. OMEGA-Journal of Death and Dying , 76 (4), 373-394.
Masa, R. & Chowa, G. (2017). A multilevel conceptual framework to understand the role of food insecurity on antiretroviral therapy adherence in low-resource settings: From theory to practice. Social Work in Public Health, 32 (5), 324–338. doi: 10.1080/19371918.2017.1289874
