In the war that took place in March 2003 in Iraq, the Central Intelligence Agency institution, as well as the workforces in the Army of the United States, executed a chain of human rights defilement against prisoners in Abu Ghraib jail located in Iraq. These defilements included sexual and physical abuse. Individuals including the commanding officer of every detainment facility, Brigadier General Janis Karpinski, was involved (Cadenbach, 2014). He was later demoted to a lower rank of colonel and admonished.
Cause and Challenges of Ethical Breach
The ethical breaches that occurred in Abu Ghraib are mainly classified into two groups: sexual mistreatment and deliberate violence against prisoners, and offensive actions executed built on confusion and misunderstandings with respect to policy and law (Kirk and Gilmore, 2005). From the angle of "institutional challenge," it will be contended that the authorities neglected to create an intelligible association of techniques or policies concerning prisoner tasks, that could have aided to reliably and properly guide the activities carried out in the grounds and consequently facilitate achievement. Rather, the policy was conflicting, changing and unclear causing confusion concerning ethically and legitimately satisfactory measures for imprisonment and interrogation. These gaps in policy were the major cause for the second group of abuse.
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Another primary source for the occurrences that took place in Abu Ghraib is the lack of effectual supervision, where the superiors neglected to monitor, examine, amend, and assess the subordinates or administer direct supervision of this essential operation (Kirk and Gilmore, 2005). The leaders also failed to appropriately discipline their workforces and were furthermore futile in learning from earlier mistakes. The absence of powerful supervision and amending, specifically, permitted the mishandlings to arise.
Stanford Prison Experiment
The entreaty of the Stanford Prison Experiment was executed in a severely controlled atmosphere. The detainees and guards performed in a manner that was greatly determined by how their characters were represented (Zimbardo, 1971). Its significant objective was to induce the experience of staying and working in a ruthless prison.
The Stanford Prison Experiment reveals that outrageous conduct streams from dangerous establishments. Guards are molded by prior patterns and norms of behavior and shelled with expectations from authorities. The message from Stanford is not that whichever random person has the ability to plunge into oppression and sadism. It is that assured conditions and institutions command those practices and, maybe, can change them.
The bits of knowledge picked up from the experiment recommends that common individuals harbor appalling possibilities, it additionally vouches for how an individual’s circumstances form his or her behavior. The research centers around a person’s individual imperfection, prisons, broken establishments, and generally about life.
The examination shows that if regular individuals are given excessive power, they would become brutal oppressors (Zimbardo, 1971). It proposes that people’s behavior generally adapt to their biased expectations. Equally, individuals act as they believe they are expected to, particularly when that expectation comes from a superior source.
In conclusion, the events of Abu Ghraib focused on a disappointment of military supremacy to impart the proper morals in soldiers and to confirm that those morals were mirrored in the treatment of detainees under the control of the United States. Abu Ghraib might never have occurred if a couple of people could see the detainees as humans and were ready to go through the mockery of their associates and martial discipline to protest against the exploitations.
References
Cadenbach Christoph . (April 7, 2014) "Spuren der Gewalt". sueddeutsche.de (in Deutsch/German). Archived from the original on December 5, 2017. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
Kirk, M. (Producer/Writer/Director), & Gilmore, J. (Producer/Reporter). (2005). The torture question [Television series episode]. In D. Fanning (Executive Producer), Frontline. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/torture/view/
Slide Show: Zimbardo, P. G. (1971). The Stanford Prison Experiment: A simulation study of the psychology of imprisonment. Retrieved from http://www.prisonexp.org
