U.S government should prohibit any form of human embryo cloning. Despite the fact that human cloning could be used to benefit humankind in different ways, there are concerns that the act of splitting an early- stage embryo is dehumanizing. The fact that some National bioethics advisory would not ban the procedure of human cloning it is less likely that this body would prohibit any effort to allow the cloned humans to survive. There are reasons why human cloning should be banned; first sacrificing another person’s life for the potential benefit of others is unethical. Human embryo cloning does not just involve a technical way of copying a genome, but rather it is an instrumental process inflicted on a young one, and many scientists treat the embryo as a means and not an end. The second reason why human cloning is unethical is that genetic engineers do not view embryos as potential people (Daar, 2002) .
Genetic engineers usually have to use massive quantity of egg cells derived from women so as to generate enough cloned embryos, which is then are used to create a fertile stem cell. It is probably clear that research on cloning is an exploitation of women because the procedure would have to involve an act injection with superovulatory drugs. The donor would also have to undergo an anesthesia before an invasive procedure is undertaken. Studies have shown that women who Undergo this process of hyperstimulation are usually left with painful side effects like severe abdominal pain and nausea. At times if hyperstimulation backfires the donor may have to undergo the process of surgery, as such the act may lead to infertility. Also, women of lower economic means suffer the exploitation of the advanced cell technology which pays an approximate amount of $3,600-$41,000 to every woman who volunteers to donate an egg for cloning purpose (Ethics, 2001) .
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Kantians is against therapeutic cloning as this involves the creation of a cloned embryo. Even though Kantians does not consider embryos to be humans, his ethical decisions are based on the act itself and not on the repercussions. Kantians believe that the emerging benefits from the genetic engineering regarding the human clone results from evil actions which are typically wrong. Kantians would argue that children would deserve a better protection just like any other person. Kantian would also value his second formulation that says “using humanity as a means is wrong” because some being are discarded in the process.
Engineering techniques involved in cloning are not ethically justifiable according to Kantians. Kantians would think that any form of cloning that does not involve harming humans is ethical, it would be therefore justifiable if scientists would be using animals, for example cloning cows to produce high yields of milk. The core idea of utilitarianism regarding human cloning is based on the doctrine that actions of cloning are useful only if it is beneficial to the majority. Human cloning will, however, seem not to fit in the context of utilitarianism, because this doctrine would want the human actions to be evaluated based on human goodness. Furthermore utilitarianism advocates for good outcomes and general happiness for everyone which is possibly not achieved when cloning process is undertaken. Based on my personal morals I would not accept the offer to work in the laboratory that uses humans as means for cloning purposes, this act is cruel and does not value the human dignity.
References
Daar, J. F. (2002). The Prospect of Human Cloning: Improving Nature or Dooming the species? Retrieved from http://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1279&context=shlr
Ethics, M. C. (2001). The Ethics of Human Cloning and Stem Cell Research . Retrieved from Better choices: https://www.scu.edu/ethics/focus-areas/bioethics/resources/the-ethics-of-human-cloning-and-stem-cell-research/
