The thyroid gland, located at the front of the neck, is responsible for the production of thyroid hormones. It releases thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The central role of thyroid hormones is the regulation of body metabolism. Metabolism entails food breakdown and conversion into usable energy. The two hormones are mainly responsible for regulating energy levels, weight, internal temperature, nail growth, hair, and skin (Hoermann et al. 2017). T3 has been instrumental in brain development and functioning, muscle control, digestive and heart operation, and bone health maintenance. The thyroid absorbs iodine from the blood. According to the diagnosis of Shirley, there is a need to check on the thyroid hormones' functioning (P Delitala et al. 2017). This is because it regulates skin and weight, which forms part of her condition.
As Thyroid Stimulation Hormone (TSH) levels rise, T3 and T4 are produced at a high level. High levels of T3 and T4 in the body exerts negative feedback to the TSH. TSH is essential for the growth of the thyroid gland. The hypothalamic-pituitary axis regulates the hormone release. When thyroid releasing hormone is secreted into the body system, there is usually a deficiency of thyroid hormone. Therefore, TSH is released stimulating T4 and T3. The negative feedback mechanism works due to the accumulation of T4 and T3 in the body (Asmat et al. 2019). The feedback is necessary for alerting the TSH that the thyroid hormone level is high and thus needs to be reduced or production slowed.
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Thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) play various roles in the body. These hormones are crucial for infants' physical and brain development. The hormones are also responsible for adults' metabolic activities. T3 and T4 are very significant in the proper functioning of heart, brain, muscles, liver, and other sensitive organs (Keck et al. 2019).
References
Asmat, M. W., Ramzan, M. H., & Ramzan, F. (2019). Exogenous Neurokinin B Administration May Have a Strong Effect on Negative Feedback Loop of Hypothalamic Pituitary Thyroid Axis. International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics , 1-9.
Hoermann, R., Midgley, J. E., Larisch, R., & Dietrich, J. W. (2017). Recent advances in thyroid hormone regulation: toward a new paradigm for optimal diagnosis and treatment. Frontiers in endocrinology , 8 , 364.
Keck, F. S., Loos, L. D., & Pfeiffer, E. F. (2019). Thyrotropin serum concentration as a function of peripheral concentrations of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, reverse triiodothyronine, and thyroliberin. Thyrotropin: Ultrasensitive THS measurement in clinical research and diagnostics , 97.
P Delitala, A., Fanciulli, G., M Pes, G., Maioli, M., & Delitala, G. (2017). Thyroid hormones, metabolic syndrome and its components. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Immune, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders) , 17 (1), 56-62.
