The current research linking patient safety concerns to both ADN and BSN demonstrate an inverse association. For instance, the studies show and hold that quality of patient care entirely depends on the level, extent, and degree of education, so much so that high quality or a high number of baccalaureate-degree registered nurses portends deaths decrease ( Potter, Perry, Stockert, & Hall, 2016) . Further, research has both theoretical and empirical evidence to suggest that nurses prepared at the baccalaureate and graduates of degree standards commit lower mortality rates, fewer medical errors and produce positive outcomes (LoBiondo -Wood, & Haber, 2017) . These results form the core of expectations that the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) expects from its workforce. According to AACN, education enhances professional competency in clinical nursing and also improves quality of care delivery. In a nutshell, these studies show that low levels of patient mortality are associated with nurse's education level.
These studies have informed policy decisions in the healthcare. Thus, one of the recommendations from, "When Care Becomes a Burden: Diminishing Access to Adequate Nursing," is to decrease the number of nursing schools in community colleges and hospitals while increasing the capacity of baccalaureate degree graduate programs( Wilson et al.2015) . Similarly, advocacy for an increase in some BSN nurses in hospitals has been made by groups such as federal government, the military and healthcare foundations. For instance, in 1999, Harris poll found that 76% of the public believe nursing should be given four or more years before being allowed to practice (Wagner , O’Connor, & Hasenau, 2016) Therefore, nursing associations such as New York and Jersey have introduced BSN to be acquired within ten years.
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Even though hospital-based research connects a higher number of nurses with a baccalaureate of science in nursing (BSN) degrees to low mortality rate, I do not find convincingly how the mechanism works. For instance, at the individual level and group levels, there is no significant link between BSN education variables such as communication and empowerment. Also, I fail to recognize a direct effect of BSN to care quality or safety. However, I remain convinced that work environment has a positive relationship with care quality and safety. Consequently, there is a need for a more comprehensive regulatory focus that considers not only education but integrates the effect of the work environment and other interdisciplinary factors to the provision of high-quality safety care.
References
LoBiondo-Wood, G., & Haber, J. (2017). Nursing Research-E-Book: Methods and Critical Appraisal for Evidence-Based Practice . Elsevier Health Sciences.
Potter, P. A., Perry, A. G., Stockert, P., & Hall, A. (2016). Fundamentals of Nursing-E-Book . Elsevier Health Sciences.
Wagner, E. A., O’Connor, N. A., & Hasenau, S. M. (2016). Improving Patient Care Outcomes Through Better Delegation-Communication Among Nurses and Assistive Personnel.
Wilson, M., Sleutel, M., Newcomb, P., Behan, D., Walsh, J., Wells, J. N., & Baldwin, K. M. (2015). Empowering Nurses With Evidence ‐ Based Practice Environments: Surveying Magnet®, Pathway to Excellence®, and Non ‐ Magnet Facilities in One Healthcare System. Worldviews on Evidence ‐ Based Nursing , 12 (1), 12-21.
