Case Study 1
Euthanasia is a controversial topic that has split the global opinions into almost two different but equal factions. As the NICU nurse manager, during such a case where the nurses in my department are morally stressed, it is my role to reign sobriety to the team. In similar cases to baby S whose parents seek to have her discontinued from hydration and nutrition, this would mean that they will not have interactions with the baby and the family. It is my role to help them focus on overcoming the feeling of powerlessness by making use of dialogues that are inter-professional. I would also make use of an ethics committee that is formal. I would handle the comments made by the nurses by reminding them that even though everyone wants to do a good job and make the right decision professionally the most important thing to consider is the patient's preferences or opinion in regards to the situation.
As the manager in charge, I would train the nurses on ethics and remind them that ethics is not always about being good and give them an orientation and educational program on how to apply theoretical principles. While it is true that baby S parents may be running away from the impending responsibility of caring for the baby in the future, it is also true that discontinuing the baby’s life may save her from further sufferings in the future. The ethics of medical practice will come into play whereby the right to the baby’s life will need to be respected while the right of the parent’s request must also be considered.
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Case study 2
In the U.S, the living kidney donors are few due to lack of a proper system to care for their expenses after the transplant; this includes the medical care and health insurance. The U.S has a lot to learn from Iran such as the proper system of kidney donations that are run by NGOs that provide quality health care for both the donor and recipients and also caters for health expenses and other expenses for the family of the donor such as education. The donor also receives funds from the non-governmental organization and cash by the recipient.
Iran has a long list of kidney donors waiting to donate because the system of kidney donation is well documented. NGOs run this system. Hence people are assured that everything is well taken care of. Kidney donors in Iran are sure that the health insurance is fully paid for, support is given to them during and after transplants, their family is also catered for that is family expenses like educational support. In Iran, a kidney donor is paid or supported by the government and NGO which attracts people that thus prefer to donate their organs through the NGO than through a broker who offers twice the amount offered by the organization. Iran has a paid and regulated living kidney donation that matches kidney donors to the recipients. This avoids instances of fraud or kidney brokers.
The emerging ethical issues present in Iran’s approach to kidney donation are the safety of the operation for the donor in that the donor’s safety during operation is highly prioritized. The donor undergoes psychological training and screening to determine whether he or she is fit for donating. They volunteer and are not forced to donate their kidney. The Transplant centers have established clear consensus regarding any issue that is key for kidney donation. The ethical issues all have positive consequences to the donor and recipient. This method should be used in the United States because people are scared of the cost that comes after kidney donations like medical issues and health insurance, the issue of brokers is also a major concern in this country. This approach should also be adopted to help reduce lack of organs as we wait for the scientist to culture usable kidneys.
