The study took the shape of a randomized controlled trial. The goal was to assess the impact of the individualized preoperative education intervention for the management of symptoms following total knee arthroplasty. The operationalization of the variables utilized an observation method by assessing the standardized group and the intervention group. One hundred forty-three samples were first randomized in a bid to limit the bias as much as possible. The observation method was also used to assess the patient’s level of pain (Wilson, Watt-Watson, Hodnett, & Tranmer, 2016). The goal was to evaluate the difference in pain between the two randomized groups. As such, the outcomes of the research heavily relied on the accuracy of the randomization and effectiveness of the observation.
The research provides a step by step definition and description of the scientific instruments utilized. The research questions are mentioned at the beginning of the research. The randomized control trial (RTC) design has received a mentioned and a description of how it would be used in the management of pain. The study participants are identified, including their number. Most importantly, the researchers provide a detailed description, including a conceptual framework of how the participants were selected ( Gollnick et al., 2020). Other scientific instruments identified in the research include randomization, blinding, and statistical analysis.
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The method of data collection used in the research had adequate reliability and validity. Reliability measures the consistency upon which the test instrument yields result. For instance, the use of tools such as the Brief Pain Inventory guarantees reliability due to their high consistency and dependability. On the other hand, validity is the extent to which an instrument accurately measures what it is intended to test. The Brief Pain Inventory is specifically used to measure pain in individuals and accurately measures it based on the preinstalled indices. However, in some cases, the observation was used despite it having low validity and reliability due to the subjectivity.
References
Gollnick, H., Dirschka, T., Ostendorf, R., Kerl, H., & Kunstfeld, R. (2020). Long‐term clinical outcomes of imiquimod 5% cream vs. diclofenac 3% gel for actinic keratosis on the face or scalp: a pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology , 34 (1), 82-89.
Wilson, R.A., Watt-Watson, J. Hodnett, E. & Tranmer, J. (2016). A randomized controlled trial of an individualized preoperative education intervention for symptom management after total knee arthroplasty. Orthopedic Nursing, 35(1), 20-29. doi:10.1097/NOR.0000000000000210
