Within the United States, HD (heart disease) serves as the leading death cause in the event of adults. During 2013, Mississippi’s heart disease mortality rate was around 1.4 times higher as opposed to the countrywide prevalence. Heart disease represented around a quarter of all death cases among the adults in Mississippi, while bigger death proportions prevailed among men and blacks within the state. Recent countrywide studies reveal that heart disease mortality rate reduced considerably among adults in the U.S. between 1973 and 2010. However, the decline pattern varied in terms of geography and race. Researches associate the declines to reductions in heart disease risk forces, including hypertension, cigarette smoking, hyperlipidemia, and utilization of evidence based pharmaceutical and medical therapies that boost control of disease. Such incidences relate to people with hypertension taking initiative to manage their blood pressure. Nonetheless, whereas significant information prevails concerning the overall heart disease trends, no sufficient exists in terms of heart disease subtypes in Mississippi and in the entire nation (Mendy, Vargas, & Payton, 2017) . In addition, no adequate information exists on mortality rates associated with heart disease subtypes in Mississippi.
Social Determinants of Health and Social Justice-Related Disparities
On the social determinants of health and social justice-related disparities, they have influenced the state of heart disease in Mississippi. For the state, it ranks at or close to the bottom of states in the United States in diverse healthcare indicators (Ruralhealthinfo, 2019) . Whereas a large number of groups direct significant resources and time to boosting the health of the Mississippi population, progress appears limited. Historically, Mississippi has performed poorly in terms of health indicators. In the state, most of the health issues result from social challenges associated with the geography, culture, and history (Uproot, 2019) . A large number of persons regard their health as a combination of lifestyle choices, genes, and luck. Nonetheless, the healthy life roots also relate to social health determinants.
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In terms of demographics, 60 percent of the population in the state is Caucasian while recent Census identified 37 percent as blacks, and 3 percent as another race, including American Indian, Native American, Asian, or other. Three percent of the population is Latino or Hispanic. The population of the state is realizing increasing growth although the rate is a bit lower when likened to the countrywide average growth. In addition, considerable amount of growth in Mississippi is taking place in metropolitan areas, whereas most of the rural areas are realizing a decline in population. Concerning educational attainment, a minimal Mississippians have attained higher education unlike the case of the entire U.S. for the Mississippians aged 25 years and above, around 1 out of 5 has failed to complete high school (Uproot, 2019) . For disparities, blacks and persons residing in rural areas complete high school at a lower rate as opposed to Caucasians and people residing in metro regions.
Concerning the issue of poverty, 2013 estimates reveal that the household income among the Mississippians was around $40,000 when likened to the nationwide average. Around 22.5 percent of the population in the state lives under the level of poverty. In this vein, the disparities prevail where 36 percent of blacks live in poverty as opposed to 14 percent of Caucasians. The rate of poverty in rural regions is significantly higher unlike the case of metro counties. On matters related to care access, research carried out between 2011 and 2013 revealed that 17.3 percent of Mississippi population did not have health insurance. Here, disparities prevail in areas where by 20 percent of blacks and 38 percent of Hispanic/Latino in Mississippi do not have health insurance when compared to the 15 percent of the Caucasians in the state (Uproot, 2019) . In this vein, it is apparent that the social determinants of health in Mississippi that influence heart disease would be attributed to disparities that prevail in demographics, educational attainment, poverty level, and access to care.
Program Proposal’s Objectives
For the objectives of the program proposal, it would mostly lay emphasis on the prevention of heart disease in Mississippi. Preventing an illness entails taking steps of acquiring an illness, including minimizing key disease risk forces, including avoiding obesity, vaccination programs, counselling on matters related to smoking cessation among other forces. Early detection entails identifying the prevailing illness early prior to its course. In this case, suspicion or prevalence of an illness is offered (Harris, 2013) . When it comes to the issue of heart disease in Mississippi, the program will emphasize on efforts aimed at preventing acquisition of the illness in the first place. Preventing heart would play an essential role in terms of reducing the intense costs associated with treating the illness while at the same time ensuring that Mississippians remain healthy and productive in the society (Sadanand, 2015) . Thus, the objectives of the program will entail heart disease prevention efforts.
How Program Improves Health, Safety, and Quality of Life
For the heart disease prevention program, it will assist in improving the health, safety, and quality of life for the people in Mississippi. The target population for the program is mostly adult black population in the state who are in their middle ages. This population lacks adequate access to education and care in the region. As such, the prevalence of heart disease is prevalence among them (Detels, Gulliford, Karim, & Tan, 2017) . With the prevention program, it will be possible to improve the overall wellbeing of the population in the state. The deaths that result from the illness will decline while at the same time ensuring that the population in the state adopts a healthy diet, which will facilitate ensuring that they contribute greatly to the progress of the state (Fitango Health, 2017) . The population of the state will be safe and quality of life will improve considerably.
Study Intervention Design
For the study, the intervention design will revolve around focusing on ensuring that the people of Mississippi adopt a healthy lifestyle. It will offer action plans together with tips as well as tools that will assist the people of Mississippi to ensure that they prioritize their health. The program will entail undertaking campaigns in the state, particularly in the rural regions since these serve as the most affected while they also lack sufficient awareness regarding the impact of heart disease in the quality of their lives (Detels, Gulliford, Karim, & Tan, 2017) . For the actions plans followed, they will emphasize on offering educational lessons, which will explain the kinds of foods that the target population needs avoiding and the ones that they should ensure to incorporate to their diets. Furthermore, the program will encourage the people of Mississippi to take advantage of trackers, which will provide them with an avenue for monitoring their physical activities in order to ensure that they do not develop heart illnesses (Shim, 2014) . For these approaches, they feature certain strengths and weaknesses. On the strength, the programs will make sure that the population of the state adopts a healthy lifestyle, which will improve their overall health wellbeing. These will ensure that the target population is able to contribute to the progress of the society. On the other hand, the weakness of the program is that the programs would be expensive to implement while a large number of individuals in the state might not be able to follow all the program’s requirements. This way, it would not be possible to realize overall improvements in health wellbeing.
References
Detels, R., Gulliford, M., Karim, Q. A., & Tan, C. C. (2017). Oxford textbook of global public health. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Fitango Health. (2017). The importance of heart disease prevention. Retrieved from https://www.fitangohealth.com/single-post/2017/03/14/The-Importance-of-Heart-Disease-Prevention
Harris, P. E. (2013). Epidemiology of chronic disease: global perspectives. New York: Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
Mendy, V. L., Vargas, R., & Payton, M. (2017). Trends in mortality rates by subtypes of heart disease in Mississippi, 1980–2013. Retrieved from https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0161194
Ruralhealthinfo. (2019). Mississippi. Retrieved from https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/states/mississippi
Sadanand, V. (2015). Why is an ounce of prevention better than a pound of cure? Retrieved from http://idealhealthcare.net/index.php/2015/09/15/disease-prevention/
Shim, J. K. (2014). Heart-sick: the politics of risk, inequality, and heart disease. New York: NYU Press.
Uproot. (2019). Building a healthier Mississippi from the ground up. Retrieved from https://uprootms.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/sha-ship-summary3.pdf
