Question 1: Relationship between global poverty and key human development issues such as life expectancy, health, education, and literacy.
Human development has greatly been affected by the global poverty that has increased rapidly over the last 10 decades. There are almost 1.4 billion people who live in this desperate situation of poverty. Many people living under these worst conditions are faced by illiteracy. This is because there are no educational facilities in the country and in case there are there, most citizens do not afford the prices (Bhalla, 2016). More so, AIDS, malaria, and starvation are commonly known. Due to global poverty, many countries are faced with high death rates because they do not afford the prices required for medication of these deadly diseases.
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Global poverty also leads to child mortality which is a key contributor to life expectancy and an indicator of human development. From the world bank data, 200 children out of 1000 children, die before the age of five years in poor countries as compared to well up countries. Lastly, according to Sigelman, C. K., Rider, E. A. (2014), the other relationship between global poverty and human development issues is adult literacy. The percentage of people aged 15 and above in a middle-class country has the ability to read a sentence. The case is different on countries which are faced with extreme poverty because it is only 69% of adults aged 15 and above that can read a write and read a sentence.
Question 2: Definition of Global stratification and it contributions to economic inequality within and between nations.
Global stratificationis the unequal distribution of resources, wealth, power and influence among the world’s nations (Giddens 2016); this unequal distribution leads to the big difference between the richest countries and the poorest countries. Stratification has caused economic inequality between nations because of great industrialization in wealthy nations as compared to poor nations. Almost 40% of the world’s population lives on less than 2$ per day.
Since the world’s wealth is shared by few nations,people in these wealthy nations are highly educated thus high chances of economic growth since there are well-skilled persons for innovations and development of new products as well as instant industrialization. Stratification also has caused economic inequality within a nation (Haller, 2016). This is because a nation can have a well up family at one point in the nation. This will lead to the development of technological industries in that particular area hence having a good economic activity. Although the area will grow economically, the nation will experience economic inequality within itself since some parts of it are good development than others due to stratification ( Haller, 2016). Although low-income nations rely on agriculture their products are bought at low prices due to the low economic conditions in those nations compared to wealthy nations that well industrialized.
Question 3: Differences and similarities between people living in low-income nations, and those in central cities and rural areas in United States
People living in low-income countries have some similarities with those living in urban cities and rural areas in the United States. This is because these two groups of people are faced with hunger. For instance, world hunger greatly affected the people living in rural areas in the United States, so it was in low-income countries (Hardoy, 2014). Secondly, both groups are faced with increasing crime and drug abuse. This is a result of depression and stress caused by all the problems like diseases and crime. More so, these groups are faced with illiteracy and poor health facilities. This is because there are few or no education and health facilities in those areas. Lastly, people living in low-income nations are faced with poor sanitation a problem faced by residents of United States urban cities and rural areas.
Although people living in low-income nations share some challenges as those in United States rural areas, there is some difference between them. In case of hunger, the United States has programs that ensure its citizens in affected areas get free food, health facilities, and education. The United States does this through cards which are given to individuals who are affected so as they can access the needed facility (Hardoy, 2014). The cards are funded by the government through online technology. On the other hand, people living in low-income nations are not entitled to any assistance in case of a national disaster.
References
Bhalla, A. S., &Lapeyre, F. (2016). Poverty and exclusion in a global world . Springer.
Sigelman, C. K., & Rider, E. A. (2014). Life-span human development . Cengage Learning.
Giddens, A., Duneier, M., Appelbaum, R. P., & Carr, D. S. (2016). Introduction to sociology . WW Norton.
Haller, M., & Eder, A. (2016). Ethnic Stratification and Economic Inequality Around the World: The End of Exploitation and Exclusion? Routledge.
Hardoy, J. E., & Satterthwaite, D. (2014). Squatter citizen: life in the urban third world . Routledge.
