Based on the structure and function of the central nervous system motor pathways, how would you explain the presence of paralysis to a patient?
It is the brain that relays trigger signals which control the movement of muscles. Damaging of any part of the relay system like the brain, nerves, spinal cord, or the junction connecting the nerve with a muscle will result in paralysis (Johari Digital, 2020). The damaging of the relay system may occur in many ways. There is a possibility that a person is born with paralysis resulting from birth defects, like spina bifida, which is caused by malfunctioning of the spinal cord, brain, or the covering protecting them (Medlife.com. 2020). Most paralysis cases are due to accidents or medical conditions that affect the functioning of nerves and muscles. Paralysis is most commonly caused by stroke, head injury, spinal cord injury, and multiple sclerosis. Other causes of paralysis may include toxins/poisons, peripheral neuropathy, Guillain-Barre Syndrome, cerebral palsy, or ALS.
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According to the body regions affected, what types of paralysis are there?
Depending on the affected body regions, there are five types of paralysis, namely:
Monoplegia; only one limb is affected, for instance, one leg or one arm.
Hemiplegia; one side of the body is entirely affected. For example, the left leg and left arm are affected simultaneously.
Diplepia; the same areas of the body on both the sides are simultaneously affected. The areas may include both legs, arms, or face.
Paraplegia; mostly affects both the legs, and in some cases, some parts of the trunk may also be affected.
Quadriplegia; both the legs and arms, and in some cases, the entire body up to the neck region are affected. It may also alter the functions of vital organs like the heart, lungs, kidneys, et cetera (Johari Digital, 2020).
From a spiritual, emotional, or psychological point of view, our lives can get "paralyzed." What are some possible causes and how you handle them to start "walking" again?
One of the major causes of emotional or psychological ‘paralysis’ is stress. Stress is usually a part of a human being’s life, and it affects individuals across all ages, races, and every sojourns of life. Nevertheless, disregarding and failure to manage such stress may cause emotional, spiritual, psychological, or even physical problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes, insomnia, and irregular heartbeat. These conditions may make the victim feel paralyzed. However, the condition is manageable through maintenance of healthy body (by diet, enough sleep, hygiene, exercise, et cetera), maintaining healthy relationship, like social interaction, sharing feelings, caring for others and communicating et cetera). Relaxation techniques may also be useful in managing the negative stress consequences. Meditating, deep breathing, praying, massage, taking warm birth, or engaging in an occupying activity are a number of ways that this could be done.
References
Johari Digital. (2020). Paralysis Treatment and Management | Physiotherapy - Johari Digital. Retrieved 17 June 2020, from https://www.joharidigital.com/paralysis-treatment-and-management/ .
Medlife.com. (2020). Paralysis Management and Treatment. Retrieved 17 June 2020, from https://www.medlife.com/blog/paralysis-management-treatment/ .
