Why immunizations are important
In their context, immunizations are significant in ensuring humans are protected from deadly and dangerous diseases. In the same vein, they help in reducing dangerous ailments capable of being spread from one individual to the other. Immunization helps to keep away preventable diseases such as mumps and measles among others.
Infection control
Infection control refers to a scientific method designed to ensure harm towards health workers and patients, which emanates from infection is curbed. The World Health Organization insists on the need to have infection control in order to ensure safe practices are observed at healthcare facilities. In its context, infection control is based mainly on capacity building, leadership, campaigns and advocacy among others.
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Proper needle size
For health workers, there is need to determine appropriate length of a needle to use on a patient during vaccinations. They should know the injection route, and in the case of children, age of the patient is significant to consider, while in the case of adults, weight is considered.
Proper sites to administer pediatric injections
While choosing the appropriate site for injecting a child, the factors that need to be considered include age and size of the child. In addition, the physician should consider that that the muscle can handle the volume being injected and the number of injections to be administered.
Comfort measures
Vaccination comes with pain, and most parents detest the moment. Prior to the shots, some of the comfort measures to take include staying calm, providing the child immunization record, and asking any questions. While vaccination is being administered, the parent should make eye contact and talk softly. Once the vaccination takes place, one should caress, cuddle or breastfeed the infant. Considering giving the child a pain reliever once at home.
Educating a parent on how to properly hold a child during immunizations
Parents should be offered proper education to ensure proper procedure is followed during immunization. For older children, they should be held on the lap while receiving vaccination on the arm. Parents should remember to embrace them during the process. While getting a vaccination in the leg, the child should be held by the lap, and placed under the armpit.
What is a Vaccine Information Sheet (VIS) and why are they used?
VIS refers to sheets of information that are manufactured by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). They are used to explain the pros and cons associated with a vaccine being administered to a patient. The law requires patients are issued with VISs, prior to administering any dosage of vaccination.
Where to find vaccination records
Vaccination records can be found on immunization websites, doctor’s office, and family files among other places.
What immunizations are given at:
Birth
Hepatitis B vaccine is administered within 24 hours after birth.
2 months
Hepatitis B vaccine second dose is issued in 2 months time. Other vaccines include Rotavirus, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, inactivated poliovirus vaccine, Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine, and Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis vaccine.
12 months
Hepatitis A vaccine, measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles) vaccine, Hib, PCV and chickenpox.
