Workplace Violence
Workplace violence is a deed or threat of physical violence, provocation, or intimidation at work (Flynn, 2019). Healthcare and social service personnel suffered seventy percent of total workplace violence. Mostly, the Emergency Department (ED) staffs are at great risk of violence from both patients and guests. Factors leading to violence include high accessibility, stress, insufficient well-trained security workers, pain, fear, substance abuse, together with mental illness (Flynn, 2019). The violence can be in the form of harassment including offensive language, verbal or written coercions, aggressive behavior like throwing objects, and assault including hitting, biting, or kicking (Flynn, 2019). Normally, patients and their guests yield 92% of workplace violence cases, coworkers 3%, students 3%, while assailants with the intent of robbery and domestic violence contribute 2%.
To control and avert workplace violence, engineering controls ought to be employed to instill in workers environmental and physical safety and security techniques. Also, administrative controls including isolating, tracking and handling patients and visitors at high risk of violence can be used. Behavioral controls to prompt nurses to know how to react to violent situations can also be employed (Flynn, 2019). Moreover, OSHA Guidelines for Preventing Workplace Violence for Health Care and Social Service Workers ought to be considered when formulating a workplace violence prevention program. For example, there needs to be the identification and assessment of violence hazards (Flynn, 2019).
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Affordable Care Act
The Affordable Care Act was signed into law on March 23, 2010 (Prengaman, Welle, Ridenour & Mueller, 2018). It calls upon all Americans to acquire health insurance or be fined through the institution of a federal health insurance exchange. Normally, failure by states to establish their own insurance exchange makes them to default to the established federal health insurance exchange. All in all, the ACA offers better federal funding for Medicaid expansion. However, Idaho was among the 26 states which held that some segments of the ACA were unconstitutional (Prengaman, Welle, Ridenour & Mueller, 2018). Therefore, this impelled the Supreme Court to maintain federal health insurance subsidies together with individual decree, allowing Medicaid expansion to be voluntary. Subsequently, Idaho came up with its own health insurance exchange and opted out of Medicaid expansion.
Nonetheless, some Idahoans were deprived of coverage through the state-run exchange since their proceeds were low to be suitable for the health insurance premium subsidy through the ACA (Prengaman, Welle, Ridenour & Mueller, 2018). Also, Idaho failed to expand Medicaid making it ineligible. Idaho being a rural state, some stakeholders opted for federal legislation to consent nurse practitioners to work as autonomous primary care givers. Also, the stakeholders called for policy alterations to ensure Medicaid expansion, better physician reimbursement, and health care payment system review. The stakeholders included clinicians, elected representatives, state agency superintendents, health care facility managers, and interest group leaders (Prengaman, Welle, Ridenour & Mueller, 2018).
References
Flynn, J. (2019). Workplace Violence Prevention: Liability Recommendations. The Journal of Legal Nurse Consulting , 30 (2).
Prengaman, M., Welle, D., Ridenour, N., & Mueller, K. (2018). Diverse Stakeholder Perspectives on Rural Health Care Reform in a U.S. State that Rejected the Affordable Care Act: A Case Stud. Online Journal of Rural Nursing and Health Care , 18 (2). doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.14574/ojrnhc.v18i2.514
