In the recent years, societies have realized the value of living organisms in their environments. Hence, in most cases when animals especially harmless wild ones are found within people's backgrounds, their lives are often spared. Recently, in my hometown, Sydney, Australia, we noticed a baboon staying in a nearby bush that has only three baobab trees. From scientific knowledge; it is understandable that baboons are usually comfortable in thick forests. As much as there are no such forests in Sydney, the baboon has developed survival mechanisms to the surroundings
Temperature, Landscape, and Food
Sydney has a humid subtropical climate that is often mildly cool in winter that is 19 degrees Celsius and hot during summer seasons with 25 degrees Celsius temperature levels. Since our surroundings are made up of thick bushes and three large trees in the area, in cases of high temperatures, the baboon usually shelters under the tree shades to avoid the scorching sun and heat. During the cold temperatures; it usually stays between the thick bushes as a means of acquiring warmth. Evidently, the baboon has developed its suitable adoptive mechanisms towards the environment.
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Regarding food sources, baboons are omnivorous and they usually feed on barks, leaves, fruits, seeds and even vegetables. In this case, the baboon often feeds on the leaves and barks of the available trees, their nuts and seeds. In other times, the animal can feed on vegetables and organic wastes that are often disposed of in the bushes by the adjacent communities. It is thus apparent that this environment is favorable to the baboon regarding food sources; therefore, its wellbeing is well catered for and safe from hunger-related deaths. Additionally, by the baboon existing in the environment, it complements the balance in the ecological cycle since it releases carbon dioxide gas into the atmosphere, essential in photosynthesis in plants hence facilitating the growth and flourishment of the surrounding bushes and trees. Moreover, by feeding on the disposed of organic wastes, the baboon contributes to environmental conservation as this enhances the existence of a clean environment.
Phylogenetic Tree and Adaptive Features
Concerning the phylogenetic tree, according to Perelman, Johnson, & Roos, (2011), the baboon resembles a monkey since they are of the same genetic composition and origin. The presence of a thick and hairy skin that the baboon possesses has played a significant role in protecting its entire body from both cold and too hot temperatures. Consequently, it has enabled the organism to survive satisfactorily in the Sydney environments. Moreover, the ability to live comfortably in forests and being an omnivore has made it easier for the baboon to adapt to the Sydney environment. Besides, the animal has become accustomed to the summer, autumn, spring and winter seasons in Sydney through controlled respiration depending on the climates. In cases of high temperatures respiration is high and vice versa. If the organism is transferred to another place, its adaptive ability is very high, and there are high chances that it will still survive by adjusting to the climate in the region.
Fig1.Phylogenetic tree
In conclusion, it is evident that the Sydney climate and environment have become suitable for the baboon despite its shortcomings regarding forests. Hence, it is essential for the immediate communities to understand that as much as the baboon belongs to the woods, they have a responsibility to protect and care for living organisms. The study has shown that baboons have robust adaptive techniques to new environments, a factor that has made it possible for it to survive in my region. Its structures and organs are also crucial as they have contributed considerably to its stay in the area.
Reference
Perelman, P., Johnson, W., & Roos, C. (2011). A molecular phylogeny of living primates. PLoS genetics , e1001342.
