Thesis statement: All public schools should adopt aggressive policies of anti-bullying and enact and enforce a strict zero tolerance program for bullying because of the nature of bullying that occurs in public schools and the impact bullying has on bullies, victims and school community in overall.
Annotated Bibliography
Dake, J. A., Price, J. H., & Telljohann, S. K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school. Journal of school health , 73 (5), 173-180. Retrieved June 7, 2018 from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12793102
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The authors of this article discuss several issues concerning bullying including bullying epidemiology, the physical characteristics as well as the psychological and behavioral features victims and bullies. Additionally, the paper examines the related issues such as interpersonal relationships, home/family environment, physical health problems, and school and academic issues. Also, it reviews perceptions and attitudes concerning bullying and finalizes by providing measures of preventing bullying in schools (Dake, Price, & Telljohann, 2003). It is a credible source as it is a Journal of School Health written by credible authors because the information regarding the authors is provided: Division of Health, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. jdake@wayne.edu. The information contained relate to my topic of research and thus, will be useful in substantiating other ideas on bullying in relation to risk factors, effects of bullying and measures that can be taken to prevent bullying in schools.
Downes, P., & Cefai, C. (2016). How to Prevent and Tackle Bullying and School Violence: Evidence and Practices for Strategies for Inclusive and Safe Schools: NESET II Report, Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. doi: 10.2766/0799
The authors majorly discuss the most effective practices and strategies which the practitioners and policymakers at EU, regional, local, and national level can apply to prevent violence and bullying in schools through examining evidence from international and European, national practices and work civil society organization reviews regarding violence and bullying in schools. Besides, the authors discuss school bullying prevalence and conclude by providing focus tips for the way forward (Downes, & Cefai, 2016). The article is credible since it is a NESET report published by European Union office, which is a certified institution and its authors are also credible as they have provided valuable information concerning them. Paul Downes is from Dublin City University, Institute of Education while Carmel Cefai is from Centre for Resilience and Socio-Emotional Health, University of Malta. This source will be useful in adding points regarding prevention of school bullying in my research.
Gomba, C., & Tsai, K. C. (2012). Effects of bullying in schools: The teachers’ perspectives. Journal of Society and Communication , 2012.
The authors introduce by defining bullying and the problem of bullying in schools. Then, they discuss in details the topic of bullying in schools including the risk factors and prevalence, and the detrimental impacts of bullying to the victims, bullies, schools, and community in general. Then, the authors finalizes by discussing the findings of their research concerning perspective of teachers on bullying in schools (Gomba, & Tsai, 2012). This article is credible since it is a Journal of Society and Communication written by credible authors, who are all from the University of the Incarnate Word. The information contained in this article is relevant to my topic of research, and will be useful in corroborating the research about the impacts of bullying in schools.
Hymel, S., & Swearer, S. M. (2015). Four decades of research on school bullying: An introduction. American Psychologist , 70(4), 293.
This article gives an initial findings overview from the past 40 research years on bullying among school-aged youth and children. It reviews research on assessment and definitional issues on victimization and studying. It also summarizes data on stability, forms of behavior of bullying and prevalence rates, which sets the stage for five articles which comprise this paper. These five articles address victimization, bullying, and psychological consequences, legal, ethical, and theoretical issues facing practitioners, educators, researchers, and useful intervention and prevention efforts (Hymel & Swearer, 2015). The articles give psychologists a comprehensive review which documents the current understanding of bullying complexities among school-aged children and intervention efforts and direction for future research. The article is an American Psychologist written by credible authors: Shelley Hymel from the University of British Columbia, and Susan M. Swearer University of Nebraska–Lincoln. This paper is relevant to my research topic and thus will be valuable in supporting my points regarding bullying in schools.
Jan, A., & Husain, S. (2015). Bullying in Elementary Schools: Its Causes and Effects on Students. Journal of Education and Practice, 6(19), 43-56.
This article is research done with the primary objectives being to understand bullying nature, to identify bullying causes and impacts of bullying of pupil-on-pupil on the learning of students. The authors commence by giving a comprehensive definition of bullying, forms of bullying and theories concerning forms of bullying (Jan & Husain, 2015). Besides, the authors also talk about the bullying cycle and its various factors, distinguishes victims and bullies, impacts of bullying on school achievement and learning, and evaluation of anti-bullying and bullying interventions. Then it provides the research findings and concludes by giving recommendations about bullying prevention strategies. This paper is a credible source since it is a Journal of Education and Practice written by MS. Afroz Jan who a significant philosophy scholar in Allama Iqbal Open University and Dr. Shafqat Husain, an assistant professor in the University of Sargodha. This source will be valuable when incorporating my research concerning the risks factors (causes) and forms as well as effects of bullying on students.
Limo, S. (2015). Bullying among teenagers and its effects. Retrieved June 7, 2018 from http://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/101538/Limo3_Steven.PDF.pdf;sequence=1
The author defines bullying and its problem in the introduction part. Then the author provides a literature review of cyberbullying and school bullying, which is a documentation of author research findings and literature of other authors regarding school bullying and cyberbullying. Also, the author gives an extensive discussion of the effects of bullying. In the third part, the author discusses the task and aim of the study: to study various bullying types, underlying mental impacts, and its prevalence, and finalizes by discussions and conclusions, and ethical consideration (Limo, 2015). The source is credible because it is a bachelor’s thesis by Steven Limo (the author) who is a student from the Turku University of Applied Sciences. The article is relevant to my topic of research as it talks about bullying and its effects among teenagers, and as such, it will be useful in incorporating my researching about the effects of bullying on teenagers.
TÜRKMEN, D. N., DOKGÖZ, M. H., AKGÖZ, S. S., EREN, B. N. B., VURAL, H. P., & POLAT, H. O. (2013). Bullying among high school students. Maedica , 8(2), 143.
This article presents research done with the primary aim of investigating bullying behavior prevalence, its victims, the places of bullying and types of bullying among a sample of adolescent school children ranging between 14 and 17 years old from Bursa, Turkey. The study found that majority of the students (96.7%) was involved in behaviors of bullying as victims or aggressors. Violent acts were detected 8.4 times in male students higher compared to female students (TÜRKMEN et. al., 2013). The paper concludes that a multidisciplinary approach which involves the affected school personnel, children, media, their parents, security units, and nongovernmental organizations is needed to achieve a method which is useful in preventing violence targeting school children as either perpetrators or victims. This article is a credible source because it published by MAEDICA, which is a Journal of Clinical Medicine in Turkey. This source will valuable to my research as it will help to define bullying and the research findings will help me corroborate my points on the prevalence and prevention of bullying in schools.
Whitted, K. S., & Dupper, D. R. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children & Schools , 27(3), 167-175.
The authors discuss extensively bullying in schools by first, defining the issue of bullying which a significant concern to legislators, educators and parents. Second, they present different bullying forms, the rates of prevalence, and the effects of bullying on the victim, the bully, and the school community. Moreover, the authors give strategies for preventing bullying which targets multiple levels (which is the classroom, school, and individual), and also discuss the best guidelines of practices for implementing programs of bullying prevention in schools (Whitted & Dupper, 2005). This article is credible because it is a Journal of Schools and Children published by the “National Association of Social Workers and it relates to my research topic. Therefore, it will be valuable as it will add to the existing findings of my research concerning bullying prevalence, forms, and effects. Majorly, it will contribute the section on prevention of bullying b applying its strategies.
References
Dake, J. A., Price, J. H., & Telljohann, S. K. (2003). The nature and extent of bullying at school. Journal of school health , 73 (5), 173-180.
Downes, P., & Cefai, C. (2016). How to Prevent and Tackle Bullying and School Violence: Evidence and Practices for Strategies for Inclusive and Safe Schools: NESET II Report . Publications Office of the European Union.
Gomba, C., & Tsai, K. C. (2012). Effects of bullying in schools: The teachers’ perspectives. Journal of Society and Communication , 2012.
Hymel, S., & Swearer, S. M. (2015). Four decades of research on school bullying: An introduction. American Psychologist , 70 (4), 293.
Jan, A., & Husain, S. (2015). Bullying in Elementary Schools: Its Causes and Effects on Students. Journal of Education and Practice , 6 (19), 43-56.
Limo, S. (2015). Bullying among teenagers and its effects. Retrieved June 7, 2018 from http://www.theseus.fi/bitstream/handle/10024/101538/Limo3_Steven.PDF.pdf;sequence=1
TÜRKMEN, D. N., DOKGÖZ, M. H., AKGÖZ, S. S., EREN, B. N. B., VURAL, H. P., & POLAT, H. O. (2013). Bullying among high school students. Maedica , 8 (2), 143.
Whitted, K. S., & Dupper, D. R. (2005). Best practices for preventing or reducing bullying in schools. Children & Schools , 27 (3), 167-175.
