Muscular dystrophy, Multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia gravis, and Polio are some of the chronic diseases that affect skeletal muscles. These conditions are differentiated from each other by various clinical features, and their differential diagnosis is most of the times easy to identify. The causes of these chronic muscular diseases are unknown, and their treatment is, mostly unsatisfactory. Some of the chronic muscular disorders like myasthenia gravis are cured by removing the thymus while in others neostigmine is used as it is highly effective in relieving the muscular weakness and fatigue. However, it is a double-edged sword and therefore it is essential to give proper dosage. Neostigmine works by stimulating the muscles directly. However, the excessive doses might lead to increased weakness in the muscles.
Muscular dystrophy is a disease that damages and weakens the skeletal muscles over time. This damage and weakness are due to deficiency of a protein called dystrophin, which is essential for healthy muscle functioning. Lack of dystrophin leads to problems with walking, muscle coordination and swallowing. The disease can occur at any age, but most diagnoses occur in childhood. Young boys are more susceptible to getting the disease as compared to girls. The prognosis for muscular dystrophy is dependent on the type and the severity of the symptoms. Most individuals with muscular dystrophy lose the ability to walk and eventually require a wheelchair.
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Multiple sclerosis is a chronic disease that affects muscles and is characterized by fatigue, thinking problems, vision problems, optic neuritis, and depression. People with multiple sclerosis (MS) tend to have their first symptoms between the ages of 20 and 40. Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular disorder that leads to weakness in the skeletal muscles. It leads to an impairment between nerve cells and muscles that prevents vital muscle contractions from taking place and thus leading to muscle weakness. Some of the symptoms include trouble talking and facial paralysis. Polio also poliomyelitis, is a highly contagious disease that is caused by a virus that attacks the nervous system. Children below 5 years are more susceptible to catching this disease. Some of the polio symptoms include loss of reflexes, severe spasms, and muscle pain, and deformed limbs, especially the hips, ankles, and feet.
The disorder that the child was suffering from would most probably be muscular dystrophy; this is because it is mostly diagnosed in childhood, mainly affects boys and eventually ends up with the patient losing the ability to walk and therefore using a wheelchair. According to the case study the disease was diagnosed when the child was three years, it’s a boy, and he eventually ends up requiring a wheelchair. There is less likelihood for the disorder to be Muscular sclerosis as the first symptoms usually occur between the ages of 20-40. The disease cannot be Myasthenia gravis either because facial paralysis characterizes it and that is not one of the signs the child possesses. The condition cannot be polio because the boy did not have deformed limbs or spasms and muscle pain.
