Coronary artery disease is the cardiovascular disease which is a group of diseases such as stable and unstable angina, sudden cardiac death, and myocardial infarction (Bhatia, 2010). A patient with coronary artery disease may show symptoms such as chest pain or discomfort which later causes pains in the arms, shoulders, back, neck, or jaw pain (Signs and symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease, 2014). Mostly the patient feels like having heartburn; a person may feel short of breath, emotional stress and this may end soon after a person gets some rest. Some of the factors that risk the coronary artery disease are high blood pressure, obesity, high blood cholesterol, diabetes, poor diet, and lack of exercise, excessive drinking of alcohol, depression, and smoking (Mendis, 2011). Coronary artery disease can be prevented by doing regular exercise, eating healthy food, maintaining a healthy weight, and avoiding smoking; some medications may also be offered to those with high blood cholesterol, diabetes, and high blood pressure as this will minimize the chance of a person contacting the chronic disease.
Mitchell’s mother, Ms. Sunshine a black American woman who is aged 54 years is diagnosed with the coronary artery disease; her coronary artery is said to be 90% occluded. Ms. Sunshine shows signs of being infected with the chronic illness since when she meets her son at the airport, she is short of breath looks tired, and anxious; when asked if she has chest pains although she denies but rather says it is just chest discomfort. Her son suspects that she has hypertension and calls 911 and takes her directly to the hospital. Some diagnostic are done to her such as lungs, cardiomegaly, and tortuous aorta. Ms. Sunshine shows all the signs, symptoms, and even the lab results test positive. She runs short of breath because the heart is not supplied with enough blood something that is caused by the death of myocardial cells causing a heart attack. According to (Lancer, 2007), this occurs when the lining of a coronary artery that supplies the heart muscle with the blood develops atherosclerosis, of which the wall is hardened instead of being smooth preventing continuous flow of blood to the heart, and thus the person experiencing heavy breathe.
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In Ms. Sunshine's case, the use of thrombolytic intervention post, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is recommendable since may assist in returning the adequate, highly, oxygenated blood back to the almost occluded area. This will help in returning the coronary arteries that supply the heart with blood to their normal position; from being hard to smooth and this will make the blood flow smoothly supplying the heart with enough oxygen.
Coronary artery disease may happen if the patient’s keeps on taking food with high cholesterol, these fatty deposits will build up in the heart arteries making them hardened or clogged, and this will cause a slow flow of blood into the heart causing the heart not to get enough oxygen. Lack of exercise and overweight are also likely to make Ms. Sunshine suffer again from the coronary artery disease. Since Ms. Sunshine does not have any healthy history of the chronic disease it is not likely that she will get sick again, but she needs to avoid fatty foods, exercises regularly, makes sure that she is not depressed, obese, and control her blood pressure.
Subjective
Ms. Sunshine urges that “I had some chest discomfort before leaving the Denver airport.” Mitchell who is studying to be a masters-prepared nurse and also undertaking a pathophysiology course from her experience knows that his mother is not alright and although she has hypertension she has not been taking her medicine as required. Ms. Sunshine has a history of a chronic disease, and that is hypertension; this may be the cause of her getting the coronary artery disease. Ms. Sunshine also admits that “I have had dyspnea and fatigue for the past week.” Ms. Sunshine thinks that this might be because of the long trip or she has flu which caused her breathing problems.
Objective
It is not good that Mitchell has been so busy with his family and studies and forgotten about her mother as this may have made her mother be stressed and since she had no one to take care of her blood pressure may have risen due to stress and depression. It is not good also that Ms. Sunshine although she knew very well of her disease she acted as she is well and that the breathing problem might be because of the long trip when she knew well that she was sick. Being attended to by an emergency when she reached the hospital means that, she is entirely in a bad state although she was despising his son and urging that she is ok.
Assessment
Ms. Sunshine is diagnosed with a chronic disease, coronary artery; she experiences breathing problems and chest pain, and this makes her uncomfortable. She will be put on medications to improve her health; she also needs not to stress herself much so as to make the blood pressure to its normal position. Hypertension may be the cause of the coronary artery disease, and if this goes back to normal, the chronic illness may also be healed.
Plan
Ms. Sunshine will be in the hospital for a couple of days, and she will be discharged when her condition gets better and with medication. A follow up on her condition will be ensured by the nurses to ascertain her status and advise her on what to do and what to avoid. If she seriously takes the medication and follows the doctor’s advice she will be well. Precaution should be given to everyone, and ways of prevention of coronary artery disease and other chronic diseases offered free of charge to minimize the cases of the diseases.
References
" What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Coronary Heart Disease? " . (2014). Accessed 21 may 2017
Bhatia, Sujata K. (2010). Biomaterials for clinical applications . New York: Springer.
Lanza, GA (2007). " Cardiac syndrome X: a critical overview and future perspectives " .
Mendis, Shanthi. (2011). Global atlas on cardiovascular disease prevention and control . Geneva: World Health Organization in collaboration with the World Heart Federation and the World Stroke Organization.
