Review the crime data that populate for your home state.
Texas Crime rate for the period from 2009 to 2018 largely corresponds with the country's general crime rate. The crime rate had reduced from a high of 508 incidences for every 100,000 persons in 2008 to 410 in 2018. In all the violent crimes reported for the ten years, the majority of the offenders and victims are men. In contrast, the race section reveals whites are the most significant offenders committing 48 percent of all crimes followed by African Americans at 45 percent. It is important to note that native Hawaiians have no recorded crime offenses for the ten-year period ( "Crime rates in Texas, 2008 - 2018", 2020) . White comprise the majority of the victims' race at 67 percent.
In comparison, African American victims comprise 29 percent with the rest of the victims made of other races such as Asians, American Indians, and Native Hawaiians. The majority of the offenders fall within the 20–29 age bracket. The same age bracket makes the most of victims age bracket followed by ager bracket 30–39. Domestic crimes and highway and street form the two most likely locations violent crimes are committed in Texas and mostly through the use of personal weapons and handguns.
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Review the arrest data that populate for your home state.
In terms of arrests by age in both genders, the most age bracket with most arrests in Texas for the last ten years is 25 – 29 years at 16 percent for males and 17 percent for females. Whites were the most arrested race at 74 percent of all arrests, while African Americans made up 25 percent of all arrests. The most common offenses in Texas for the ten years are simple assault for personal attacks, drug possession, and sale, gambling, and prostitution ("Crime rates in Texas, 2008 - 2018", 2020).
Criminal Victimization Report,2018
According to the 2018 report, 70 percent of all violent crimes had African Americans as offenders as well as victims. For the whites, violent crimes comprised 62 percent, where they were both the offenders and victims ("Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) - Criminal Victimization, 2018", 2018). Hispanic crime victims made were at 45 percent while Asian victims consisting of 24 percent of all violent crimes.
Local criminal justice agencies
In Houston, Texas, we have several criminal justice agencies that offer law enforcement and correction facilities to offenders. The agencies include the Houston Police Department (HPD) and Arlington Police Department. Mostly, Houston is the fourth biggest city in America and possesses the fifth largest police department. The HPD is the principal law enforcement agency that serves Houston city, located in Texas, United States. The department has approximately 5,300 officers plus civilian support of 1,200 personnel. On the staff demographics of HPD, it is said that the HPD is always a "majority minority" team. HPD possesses 53 percent minority police officers, in which Hispanics are the most significant occupying 24 percent, and African Americans follow with 22 percent. The remaining covers Pacific Island/Asian. Indians and Native Americans.
The Arlington Police Department is made of 621 officers comprised of 405 Whites, 100 African Americans,80 Hispanic police officers and 28 officers of Asian background. American Indians officers are 8. The department has a total of 179 civilian employees ("Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) - Criminal Victimization, 2018", 2018).
Robbery crime victims and Offenders racial and ethnic breakdown for HPD and Arlington Police Department
From 2009 to 2018, HPD has reported a total of 5155 robbery crime incidents. According to the Crime data explorer, the Not Hispanic race had committed 66 percent of the robbery offenses, followed by Hispanics at 22 percent with unknown race at 12 percent. Robbery victim's ethnicity for the same period comprises Not Hispanic, Hispanics, and Unknown at 51 percent, 48 percent, and 1 percent, respectively ("Crime rates in Texas, 2008 - 2018", 2020).
For the last ten years, the Arlington police department has reported a total of 948 robbery incidents, with African Americans forming the highest proportion of offenders at 69 percent, followed by Whites at 24 percent. Unknown race offenders made up 7 percent of the offenders and Asians less than 1 percent. The majority of robbery victims' race were Whites at 65 percent, African American at 23 percent while Asian Unknown races and Native Indians comprised of 8 percent, 2 percent, and 1 percent, respectively.
Racial and Ethnic Arrest data for HPD and Arlington Police Department
Houston Police Department made a total of 814642 arrests between 2009 and 2018 with African Americans and Whites comprising 51 percent and 47 percent of the total arrests, respectively ("Crime rates in Texas, 2008 - 2018", 2020) . Both the Asian and Native Hawaiians made up 1 percent while Native Indians and Unknown had a proportion of less than 1 percent in the total arrests.
The number of arrests made by the Arlington police department for the last ten years is 111978, and Whites consist of 60 percent, followed by African Americans at 39 percent. The other races of Asians, Native Indians, and Unknown, have proportions of 1per cent and less than 1 percent respectively.
The difference between the two police departments related to the race and ethnicity of those arrested
Houston Police department has made more arrests implying their administrative area has more incidents of crime than Arlington's. There is also a disparity in the dominant race in the total number of arrests made by the two departments. African Americans make up the highest proportion of arrests made by HPD while in Arlington, Whites are the majority in the total number of arrests made.
Explain how this information helps illustrate the disparity of criminal offenders and victims.
It is crucial to highlight the numbers and proportions of criminal offenses and offenders from all races in the United States since it brings out the aspect of the absence of bias in the commitment of criminal offenses. The offenders and victims cut through the composition of the American community, and no race is immune to crime offenders and victims. The information help reflects the demographics of the society, as shown by the number of crimes committed by the two dominant races in America. In all the criminal data, African Americans and Whites make up the most significant proportions of crimes committed and arrests made.
References
Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) - Criminal Victimization, 2018 . bjs.gov. (2018). Retrieved 23
August 2020, from http://www.bjs.gov/index.cfm?ty=pbdetail&iid=6686
Crime rates in Texas, 2008 - 2018 . Crime-data-explorer.fr.cloud.gov. (2020). Retrieved 23
August 2020, from https://crime-data-explorer.fr.cloud.gov/explorer/state/texas/crime .
Police Department Race and Ethnicity Demographic Data . Governing.com. (2020). Retrieved 23
August 2020, from https://www.governing.com/gov-data/safety-justice/police-department-officer-demographics-minority-representation.html .
