Diabetes is a common condition in the population. It occurs when there is a decrease in the insulin production by the pancreas. Sometimes, diabetes occurs in situations where insulin presents in the body are not responded to by the cells, this situation or process is called the insulin resistance. This thus leads to a situation where the body cannot absorb the glucose. There are three known types of diabetes, and they are rated by the Healthy People 2022 as a killer condition. The first is the Type 1 diabetes, second is the Type 2 diabetes, and the last one is Gestational diabetes ( American Diabetes Association 2018). Two factors make it easy to pick diabetes for this discussion. First, diabetes is one of the top causes of morbidly in the current society. In U.S for instance, 29.1 million people are estimated to be affected by diabetes. This has made it a cause of concern for many people and health bodies ( American Diabetes Association 2016). Secondly, diabetes in the healthcare institution is one of the leading co-morbidly factors among the patients. This makes it necessary for the care plan to be drafted so that the victims are aware of means of managing the condition. The participants have diabetes or those who have been diagnosed with diabetes and are in need to manage the condition ( American Diabetes Association 2018).
Nursing Diagnoses
The three primary nurse diagnoses for diabetes condition are as follows; the first is the risk of infection. There are some factors which can result in infection in a diabetic patient. High glucose level reduced or decreased functioning of leukocytes and changes in circulation are among these factors. It is also noted that at some circumstances, existing UTI or respiratory infection can also be associated with this infections. The second diagnosis is the risk of imbalanced nutrition. This is a situation where the patient does not meet the nutritional need of the body. Some symptoms to observe in this case include insulin deficiency, reduced food intake, the release of the stress hormones, weight loss occasionally, weakness and much more. The last nurse diagnosis of diabetes is the risk of activity intolerance. This is a situation where the patients tend to shy away from some activities that are strenuous or those activities which lead to weaknesses.
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Assessment Data
The subjective data which must be assessed in this case include some of the following; the first is the hyperglycemia, increased tiredness, Nausea or vomiting, dry mouth occasionally, confusion and hypoglycemia. Other subjective data include a headache, anxiety, and numbness especially around the patient's mouth, hunger, nightmares, and blurred vision. Care needs to be taken as these data are assessed so that only data which are in line with the nurse diagnosis are majored on. On the other hand, the following are some of the objective data which need to be known and must be assessed. The first is the hyperglycemia, sweaty, irritability, slurring words, tachycardia and much more. Still, care needs to be taken for the right data which are in line with the nurse diagnosis ( American Diabetes Association 2016).
Interview Results
The participants, in this case, are victims or the patients who are diagnosed with diabetes. In this case, the questions which were majored on were purely on their condition, how they feel and their perception on some of the interventions which they were given. The results were as follows; some patients admitted to being feeling and were exhibiting some symptoms of infections. These included observed signs or infections and inflammation, irritations, tiredness and much more. Other signs which were also common included delayed wound healing, blood glucose below and sometimes above the expectation or the normal needed.
Desired outcomes
The desired outcomes for diabetes are numerous. The main aim of the medical profession is to bring back the patients into their normal stability. Though there are many ways of achieving this outcome, this is usually the dream of managing diabetes. The primary desired outcome is to have the patient's blood sugar level controlled with minimal side effects on the patient. The second desired outcome is to bring back the patient to normal stability. Diabetes is caused when there is an imbalance of blood sugar level in the body. It means that the first goal of the patient should be to be involved in diabetes management group that can control the blood sugar level. This is the first expected outcome. The second outcome is to bring the patient back to normalcy ( American Diabetes Association 2018). This can only be achieved by having the blood sugar level of the patient-controlled to a proper level.
Evaluation Criteria
Evaluation is part of the care plan for the patient diagnosed with diabetes. There are criteria which need to be followed to know if the patient who has been diagnosed with diabetes and also have been given this plan is adhering to the guidelines or not. These criteria also are geared towards finding out if the patient is recovering from his or her condition. The first criterion will be screening for diabetes ( American Diabetes Association 2014). This is done for the patients who seem to have recovered from their conditions. Assessing the blood sugar level will also be the next criteria for such patients. What weight check-up is also n alternatively evaluation criteria which are applicable in this case. This plus much more evaluation options will act as guidance for such patients as they continue following their guidelines of their diabetes plan ( American Diabetes Association 2014)
Actions and Interventions
The first intervention is to have the patient’s weight recorded on a daily basis and compared with the current records as the patient's progress with the plan. Also, the patients' dietary recall should be noted on a daily basis and compared to the current intake of food. Glucose and insulin, in case required, need to be administered to the patient in the right quantity. Alternatively, the bowel sound should also be monitored and report made in case of any abdominal discomfort ( American Diabetes Association 2016). The patient should also be checked for any sign or symptoms of hypoglycemia, and glucose test should also be performed on the patient. For the activity intolerance, some interventions are as follows; first, the muscles strength should be checked before and also rechecked after medication administration. The patient should be encouraged to take part actively in the treatment regime and many others. For the risk of infections, interventions include the following; administration of the antibiotics, provision of the skincare to make the skin smooth, enhances hygiene and much more ( Powers et al., 2015).
Evaluation of Patient Outcomes
As already noted, the patient should have a well-balanced blood sugar level after following and sticking to this plan. Also, the patient should be in a stable condition in case they follow this plan as it is indicated. To determine the outcome whether positive or negative, blood sugar level test shall be done to note whether there is a positive or negative change in the patient's blood sugar level. Also, screening for diabetes will be done to note if the patient is stable or has regained their stability ( American Diabetes Association 2018).
References
American Diabetes Association. (2014). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2014. Diabetes care , 37 (Supplement 1), S14-S80.
American Diabetes Association. (2016). Standards of medical care in diabetes—2016 abridged for primary care providers. Clinical diabetes: a publication of the American Diabetes Association , 34 (1), 3.
American Diabetes Association. (2018). 4. Lifestyle Management: Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2018. Diabetes Care , 41 (Supplement 1), S38-S50.
Powers, M. A., Bardsley, J., Cypress, M., Duker, P., Funnell, M. M., Fischl, A. H., ... & Vivian, E. (2015). Diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 diabetes: a joint position statement of the American Diabetes Association, the American Association of Diabetes Educators, and the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics , 115 (8), 1323-1334.
