Tradition vs Modernity
A tradition society refers to a community that is related to past events and often engaged in customary standard practices. There is limited progress in such a society because innovations of new ideas are regarded as opposing against their norms. Traditional society has fewer social institutions, a single culture, and the existence of old ways of life. The means of communication are slow due to the slow pace of life. Modern society, on the other hand, is associated with an industrialized populace geared towards the future and has a fast paced development in various aspects of living. Modernity and tradition are generally utilized as other extremes as a part of a direct hypothesis of social change. They are two different classes of things that can interact beneficially. This paper will examine the differences between tradition and modernity in the Russian and Muslim empires.
The capability of innovation was a crucial determinant of global competitiveness among nations. The rise of the living standards in the Russian and Muslim empires today has been brought about by innovation. This is because innovation determines the national progress thus helping address global challenges like climate changes and sustainable development. Advances in technology and entrepreneurship have made nations to be productive thus raising the economic status of a country. Evidence suggests that innovation effort has been increasing, and investment knowledge has grown more rapidly (Albina & Khasson, 2009).
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For the past decade, Russia has struggled to have an adequate a self-sufficient economy to sustain its business sector. Innovation and technological improvements are the best options that could give great results. The country has attempted to hold a few qualities of the Soviet S&T framework; however, it has similarly failed to address previous shortcomings and difficulties in spite of enormous changes. Some years back, the government has tried to alter the negative patterns and support Russia's advancement execution (Albina & Khasson, 2009).
By most measures, Russia has been identified as one country that is not fast in the economies progress and other emerging market economies as compared to other nations. The Russia Empire is being dragged behind due to the inadequate protection of intellectual property of rights. There is also the lack of funds in some sectors. For innovation policies to develop in the country, there need to be stronger links to strengthen and improve some intellectual rights. The country needs to put away some traditions that lag it behind. The country should also invest in innovation rather than inventions.
The Soviet legacy era in Russia saw cutting edge innovations in some sectors, but this activity has tended to wane over the past decades. In the post-soviet era, the Russian government has come up with activities that should link the organizations, business sector, and learning institutions. The government should thus support the small innovative companies through grants. It should also help in the creation of technical infrastructures as well as encourage good relations between the private and R&D sector (Albina & Khasson, 2009). The government should also develop a favourable legal environment for innovation.
Russia has continued to depend on its natural resources and exports most of the energy products. It continues to struggle in creating innovations despite its large population and ample natural resources. The challenges that it face today are similar to those that it met decades ago.
The Islamic golden age has been dated from the seventh century where the rulers set up one of the biggest realms ever. Amid, this time, almost the whole society contributed to agriculture, economics, and technology. This was finished by protecting the customs that were there before and including developments and advancements by their own. The Muslims at this period had a chance of becoming a center for science, education, and medicine. People all over gathered to make an interpretation of the world's learning into Arabic in the understanding of development.
The Islamic domain was the principal genuinely all-inclusive human advancement which United distinctive ethnic groups universally. A significant innovation during this period was the art of papermaking that was done by prisoners. Upon Chinese techniques, the papermaking improved with time to a point where books began to be bound and libraries were built. The Islamic civilization has continued to develop the premise of its dealer economy, as opposed to their Christian, Chinese and Indian associates who manufactured social orders from farming landholding respectability. Islamic shippers took sustenance and their confidence to China, Asia, and western Africa and consequently they were given new advancements. The vendors additionally utilized their riches to invest in textiles and plantations.
The Islamic ministers likewise assumed a significant part in the spread of Islam as they conveyed their message to different areas all around. In the search for knowledge, a lot of Muslim thinkers pursued rational and scientific discourses. The Islamic considerations were interested in the humanistic thoughts of radicalism and independence. Despite the fact that the general public was still under Islamic qualities, religious flexibility made a culturally diverse system.
In addition, the Muslim was able to flourish due to an early emphasis on freedom of speech. They had the freedom to bring at bay all the arguments and challenges that were pressing them. They believed that God wanted people to stay peacefully by speaking their minds out when they were faced with difficulties. Moreover, there were policies written in Arabic that warned people against polluting the environment. The state had implemented waste containers were waste products were put after use and waste disposal facilities for litter collection (Ofek, 2016).
Existing institutions at that time were relevant and based their originality in the early Islamic world. Examples included the hospitals that replaced places where people went to get treatment like the healing temples and sleep temples. There were also the libraries, universities and astronomical research institutes that replaced observations.
According to Esposito (2016), the Islamic empire significantly contributed to globalization with their knowledge of the trade. Their exchange systems set up the Islamic Empire as the world's largest driving monetary force. Farming, then again, empowered the dissemination of different crops and farming techniques the automation of horticulture prompted critical changes in the economy. After that, cash cropping was introduced, and a crop rotation system and this helped the plantation farms yield more over the years.
A clear need for comprehensive reform has continued to loom in the Muslim world. The Muslims world resistance to secularization has presented a unique dilemma for western leaders. Muslims have misinterpreted the Islamic law. There is a need for change in the Muslim world that cannot be achieved through secularization (Ofek, 2016). Western policy makers should cease attempts to promote reforms in the Muslim world.
In the long run, without the government support, a lot of projects cannot exist. Russia in this case, needs the government assistance so that the social programs and the market economy can be fixed through regulation. The Russian and the Muslim empires should be well aware that free markets are not natural and cannot exist without the government getting involved. The government rules are what make the markets and capitalism possible. The Muslims have ethical and theological issues that overlap with the environment. The Muslims fear to contaminate the environment as they state that they should not go in contrast to the Qurans teachings.
In conclusion, it isn't right to view custom social orders as static. The relationship amongst convention and advancement don't at all times include relocation, strife or restrictiveness. Innovation does not debilitate custom, but rather both structure the bases of belief systems and developments.
References
Albina, E. & Khasson, V. (2009). New Regionalism in Russia: Is the Western European Experience Applicable? Fédéralisme Régionalisme, 8 (2). Retrieved from http://popups.ulg.ac.be/1374-3864/index.php?id=752.
Esposito, J. (2016). Chapter 2: The Muslim Community in History. Retrieved from http://www-personal.umich.edu/~vika/TeachPort/islam00/esposito/chapt2.html .
Ofek, H. (2016). Why the Arabic World Turned Away from Science. The New Atlantis . Retrieved from http://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/why-the-arabic-world-turned-away-from-science.
