| Questions | Journal 1 | Journal 2 | Journal 3 |
| 1. What question(s) is the researcher(s) asking? | The researcher conducted the study to address two questions: The first question is if female and male project managers have different views in terms of important leadership behaviors. The second question is if there exist different leadership behaviors between female project managers and male project managers. | The researcher conducted the study to determine the factors that influence the retention of freshmen at a higher learning institution located in the Midwestern U.S. | The researcher conducted the study to determine factors influencing soldiers’ transition to the next career after voluntarily seeking Army Career and Alumni Program (ACAP) career transition services. |
| 2. What is/are the null and alternative hypotheses? (include all) |
Null Hypotheses H1 0 : Variations do not exist between female project managers and male project managers in terms of views on leadership behaviors. H2 0 : variations do not exist between male project managers and female project managers in terms of leadership behavior. Alternative Hypotheses H1 a : Variations exist between female project managers and male project managers in terms of views on leadership behaviors. H2 a : variations exist between male project managers and female project managers in terms of leadership behavior. |
H1 0 : There is no correlation between attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and retention. H1 a : There is a correlation between attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioral control, intention, and retention. |
H1 0 : There is no significant difference between TAP workshop effectiveness, one-on-one counseling effectiveness, adequate computer services, soldier transition confidence index, and expected transition service performance. H1 a : There is a significant difference between TAP workshop effectiveness, one-on-one counseling effectiveness, adequate computer services, soldier transition confidence index, and expected transition service performance. |
| 3. Define the population being studied. | The population being studied were female project managers and male project managers | The population being studied was first and second-year university students. | The population being studied was the U.S. Army personnel seeking ACAP transition at a military based in Texas. |
| 4. How was the sample chosen and how large was it? | The researcher used a random sampling technique to draw the sample population. The size of the sample was 66 (male=36, female=30). This sample size is very small. | The researcher used a random sampling technique to draw the sample population. The size of the sample was 133. This sample size is very small. | The researchers used a convenience sampling technique to draw the sample population. The study was composed of 287 participants. This sample size is very small. |
| 5. Indicate the type of statistical test used (t-test, ANOVA, Chi-Square) | The statistical tests used to analyze the data include the Mann-Whitney U test and ANOVA. SPSS was used to perform these analyses. | The statistical test used to analyze the data is ANOVA and Common Method Variance (CMV). Standard statistical programs and Microsoft Excel were used to perform these analyses. | ANOVA tests were used to analyze the data. |
| 6. What was the standard deviation? | Male project managers with formal training (M = 2.477, SD = .705) had more evident management by exception (active) leadership style than female project managers with formal training (M = 2.955, SD = .783) | Norms presented a mean average of 2.6 and a standard deviation of 0.85 | The pilot study index mean was 1.929, and the standard deviation was 0.4936. |
| 7. What significance level was chosen? | The significance level that was chosen was 0.5. | The significance level that was chosen was 0.5. | The significance level that was chosen was 0.5. |
| 8. According to the researcher(s), what was the generalizability of the results? | There exist small variations between female project managers and male project managers in terms of views on important leadership behaviors and actual leadership behaviors. | Out of the five variables, the attitude was the only one that contained sufficient construct validity; Attitude positively correlated with retention. | The test results indicated that soldiers did not believe transition services need to change. From the ANOVA test results, there is no significant difference between soldier transition confidence index and education level. |
APA Reference and link for each article:
| Journal 1 | Karch, D. M. (2012). Gender-based comparison of project manager leadership behaviors: A quantitative study (Order No. 3490748). Available from Business Premium Collection. (917242189). Retrieved from http://in.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/docview/917242189?accountid=54847 |
| Journal 2 | Nichols, S. J. (2009). Retention of nontraditional students: A quantitative research study (Order No. 3405034). Available from Education Database. (205390596). Retrieved from http://in.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/docview/205390596?accountid=54847 |
| Journal 3 | Sharkey, J. L. (2011). A quantitative study of military career transitions with emphasis in knowledge management (Order No. 3459320). Available from Military Database. (874384828). Retrieved from http://in.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/login?url=https://search-proquest-com.libproxy.gracechristian.edu/docview/874384828?accountid=54847 |
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