How does Peter Singer explain "effective altruism"? Give some examples.
According to Peter Singer's explanation of effective altruism, it takes both the heart and the mind for one to help those in need. This is illustrated by saying, the heart helps one to be compassionate about what others are going through while the mind enables them to evaluate the available options and choose the most effective one.
This is illustrated using examples like having compassion over the children dying of preventable diseases such as malaria through the reduction of our expenses that are not necessary. The help should be channeled through an effective organization to be able to benefit the intended population.
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Does his argument for altruism require total self-sacrifice?
His argument does not require total self-sacrifice because one is persuaded to give what they can and still be able to live a life in good standards. It does not restrict which form of help to offer but it is open for an individual to decide. It can be monetary or time invested in helping those in need at the time when one is in a position to do so.
Explain Ashley's story.
Ashley was born disabled and the parent started to realize it when she was about four months old. Being born of tall parents she was growing tall and had started to develop puberty signs at the age of six when her development was inhibited through surgery to stop the normal growth. The hormones for breast growth as well as menstruation could be hard to incorporate in her life since she was severely disabled. It raises concerns about whether the decision was for the benefits of Ashley or only for her parents.
How did her family and the Seattle Children's Hospital go about justifying the surgeries?
The family and the Seattle children's hospital justified the surgeries based on the fact that she could never walk and thus she could never have children. Based on that she didn't need breast development as she would not need them for breastfeeding. They indicate that they did not what to continue her infancy for life but make her comfortable to feet in the family without being frustrated because of the development.
Watch the four TEDTalks listed below and explain the results of their reflection and study. What did they discover about lying?
Based on the videos of lying, everyone is a liar and lies at least once in a day. Interestingly, at times we can perceive a lie as the truth or vice versa. Strangely, eyes cannot determine if someone is telling the truth. Analysis of the words one says can be used to determine if someone is being deceptive. The identification of body language or gestures is important as people might say yes when their body gestures are saying otherwise. The use of technology has greatly increased the incidents of lying in our society. Different technologies are invented for deception detection which is used to determine the different unseen emotions in a person's body when they lie.
What is it? How do we do it? How often do we do it? Why do we do it? How important/significant is it?
A lie is something contrary to what is true, it happens across different levels of live development and it is not easily detected. A lie requires two people to happen, one must be pre-determined to lie on the presumption that the other does not have the same knowledge about it as well as accept the lie. Lying is done either to protect others or for our benefit. Lying is costly and can negatively impact a person as well as the entire society. Lie detection is not easy but very helpful in maintaining the sanity of our society as well as building up trust.
In conclusion, lie detection is critical in effective altruism, this is because, even with the empathy to help the needy, many organizations are deceptive and thus one can contribute and their contribution fails to reach the intended population.
