Introduce the topic and take a position on how gender is related to violence.
The disparity between several males and females within a neighborhood correlates to the rate of violence (Lei et al., 2014). This assertion relates the high frequency of violence in these localities to the sharp disparity in the number of boys and girls; however, counties and states with almost the same number of girls and boys had fewer cases of gender-driven violence. It is also imperative to state that in locales with a high number of men, there was a high rate of violence towards women. Therefore, the scholars associate masculinity to violence against women. Consequentially, the scope of this paper revolves around gender, equality, and the rate of violence.
Present evidence on the disproportionate amount of violence committed by males.
Goodkind et al. (2009) associate gender-egalitarian societies with minimal gender-driven violence. In America, communities that have an almost equal number of men and women had fewer cases of violence reported to the police. Nonetheless, the scholars indicate that even though some men suffered from sexual abuse from their partners, a negligible number reported the case to the police. According to Gender Equality and Violent Behavior 95 Toughness, an evaluation tool, men exhibited aggressiveness and tact in a bid to command respect from their households. Nonetheless, this form of evaluation also supports the idea that aggressive and confident people tend to get respect compared to weak ones (Lei et al., 2014). Therefore, the need to empower women in a community can be associated with men’s resolve to maintain the alpha status
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Masculinity is directly associated with gender-driven violence. The number of a high number of men coupled with factors such as economy, psychology, and demography impacted the number of violence. Typically, black men from deprived and marginalized, battling a sense of economic and psychological issues, were prone to hit women.
Identify and explain that masculinity is socially constructed.
Conventional masculinity is associated with toughness and traditional gender roles. On average, boys have been found to display a high sense of violence compared to girls. Alternatively, girls showed a high command of parental care compared to boys. This division of gender roles describes a traditional setup. However, changing social trends has led to the introduction of new changes in gender roles and sexuality (Lei et al., 2014). Additionally, these shifts in how the traditional system works remain responsible for exacerbated violence against women.
Proponents of feminist liberation have associated women from gender-egalitarian communities as symbols of empowerment. These women not only behaved like men but were also prone to violence. These women were a clear exemplification of men from gender-inegalitarian societies that employed violence as a means of asserting control. Nonetheless, women from male-dominated communities remain oppressed while serving positions of care-taking.
Present evidence on the connection between gender inequality and particular construction(s) of masculinity.
The gender gap has been associated with gender driver violence against women. This assertion is supported by the following evaluation methods conducted on both children and grown-ups. Out of 703 participants, 19% were care-givers with no formal education, 56% were from single-parent homes, whereas around 40% lived in a deprived state. These numbers were backed and evaluated by with reports from DISK (Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children). The validity of DISK attributable to over 15 years of experience in researching parents and their children (Lei et al., 2014). Therefore, this assessment tool allowed for the review and retest of data collected over the 15 years against data from the 2006 census.
The application of the Gender Equality and Violent Behavior 95 Toughness served to investigate gender violence using data markers such as respect and toughness. The evaluation reveals a natural order in the community whereby aggressiveness and toughness associated with men surmounted from the need to exercise control and power (Lei et al., 2014). Furthermore, using coefficient alpha, dominance, and expertise was also investigated with regards to gender roles. Typically, men scored high in toughness, whereas women excelled in providing care.
Define misogyny and coercive control as they relate to domestic violence.
Chaudhury et al., (2017) associate the term misogyny to the Greek word “mīsoguníā,” which means hate for women. The scholars indicate that this form of hate takes many forms ranging from patriarchy, sexual harassment, sexual-based violence, objectification, and discrimination. The scholars also note that whereas most publications from the Golden era mention little about the afflictions of women in the society, the issues of gender-based discrimination have been there since time immemorial. Alternatively, they indicate that complicit means and oppression remain the main reason why publications by women in those eras remain aligned towards a patriarchal led society.
Coercive power relates to men ordering women around with the intent of punishing them suppose they disobey them. In such a relation, the oppressor expects the oppressed to operate within a specific limit of freedom least they face serious repercussions. Typically, this form of relationship is the precise definition of domestic violence, especially when purported by husband or father in the family. The scope of coercion extends beyond submission to include sexual and physical violence.
Discuss how violence related to gender inequality might be reduced.
Despite the open call for the empowerment of women, there should exist a legislature that allows for women to thrive in their own accord. These laws and statutes should be formulated based on the situation in local communities as well as in the different industries. Additionally, it is imperative to state that violence against women is an issue that requires rapid response, especially sub-Saharan Africa, where gender-based violence remains rife.
The underlying issues that promote gender-based violence also involve the economy. The reports have associated deprived communities as most affected by gender violence (Conroy, 2013) . Typically, in such societies, women remain married to abusive husbands as they (women) lack a means of fending for their families. Therefore, with abusive heads of houses, the cycle of violence continues in the children as they are brought up in communities that value and worship patriarchy. Resultantly, empowering such women economically allows for the cycle of violence to stop.
Conclusion.
Changing times impact the nature of violence against women. Trends such as social media, for instance, have been misused by many people in perpetrating violence against women. Typically, body shaming has joined the list of violent attacks by men against women. Alternatively, it is imperative to state that this new wave of violence has been instrumental in constituting the fourth wave feminism action (Conroy, 2013) . This new movement seeks to stamp out cases of campus rape, sexual harassment, and sexist imagery.
The impacts of gender imbalance in festering violence within any community are evident in the report. The writer attaches the issue of gender gaps to increased masculinity and, subsequently, violence against women. Additionally, there is a correlation between the need to be respected and feared in cases of violence. However, certain exemptions also came up, with men from gender-egalitarian communities being victims of abuse. This unique situation was attached to women growing up as men, thereby exercising toughness against their partners. However, the importance and impact of feminism action concerning empowerment remain a debatable issue.
References
Chaudhury, S., Srivastava, K., Bhat, P., &Sahu, S. (2017). Misogyny, feminism, and sexual harassment. Industrial Psychiatry Journal , 26 (2), 111. https://doi.org/10.4103/ipj.ipj_32_18
Conroy, A. A. (2013). Gender, Power, and Intimate Partner Violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence , 29 (5), 866-888. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260513505907
Goodkind, S., Wallace, J. M., Shook, J. J., Bachman, J., & O'Malley, P. (2009). Are girls really becoming more delinquent? Testing the gender convergence hypothesis by race and ethnicity, 1976–2005. Children and Youth Services Review , 31 (8), 885-895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2009.04.002
Lei, M., Simons, R. L., Simons, L. G., & Edmond, M. B. (2014). Gender Equality and Violent Behavior: How Neighborhood Gender Equality Influences the Gender Gap in Violence. Violence and Victims , 29 (1), 89-108. https://doi.org/10.1891/0886-6708.vv-d-12-00102
