Patient Confidentiality
Breast cancer is considered as the most common cancer condition among women. According to Shah, Rosso, and Nathanson (2014), the global prevalence rates of breast cancer are perceived to be higher in developed countries despite the developing world accounting to about 50% of the cases as well as 58% mortality. Breast cancer risk factors include hereditary genomics, hormonal factors, and environmental factors. Research authorities allude to screening measures such as mammography as effective approaches for early diagnosis for purposes of treatment and prevention (Shah, Rosso & Nathanson, 2014). As a healthcare provider to Rachel, it is important that after realizing she has Breast Cancer 1 gene (BRCA 1), she takes the opportunity and shares the information with her close female family members including her sisters Lisa and Kristin. Provided that she is not in a talking relationship with Kristin, I would convince her to inform Lisa hoping Lisa would inform Kristin of the need to undergo screening exercise. However, I would not be reluctant to inform Lisa of the need as it amounts to a breach of patient confidentiality.
Role of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in Patient care
BRCA1 and BRCA2 are significant genetic indicators of breast cancer. The genetic predisposition of gene alleles in the forms of BRCA1 and BRCA2 is important in offering patient care either as a diagnosis for treatment or early preventive measures (Shah, Rosso & Nathanson, 2014). Healthcare providers on carrying out mammographic screening are in a position of monitoring the BRCA 2 at the early onset stages of deleterious mutation that is associated with the two gene alleles. It then becomes possible for care providers to plan for preventive and treatment management procedures.
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The Risk Factors for Breast Cancer and Interventions
Breast cancer risk factors include age, family heredity, reproductive factors, and environment. The factors operate under different and in some cases, combined spectrum increasing a patient's risk of developing breast cancer (Shah, Rosso & Nathanson, 2014). Age as a factor sees chances of breast cancer increases with age as females above the age of 40 have a higher risk of developing breast cancer as compared to those below age 40. According to Shah, Rosso, and Nathanson (2014), family hereditary factors are a result of genetic predisposition with BRCA1 and BRCA2 considered as key indicators. Breast cancer management relies on early diagnosis for purposes of mitigation and management. Early screening remains the best preventive and treatment approach to managing breast cancer.
References
Shah, R., Rosso, K., & Nathanson, S. D. (2014). Pathogenesis, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. World journal of clinical oncology , 5 (3), 283–298. doi:10.5306/wjco.v5.i3.283
