What is Confucian medical ethics?
Traditional Chinese medical ethics share a common goal with Confucianism in terms of kindheartedness, evil and good, and character cultivation. The Confucian medical ethics mainly focuses on the need to value life and its importance. One has to do what is best to save lives and heal wounds, show concern to patients, practice honesty in medicine, painstakingly study medical skills, oppose carelessness in work, comfort oneself in dignity, be polite and respect local customs, nobly treat patients, respect their status and achievements, and equality. As modern medicine keeps changing, the China medical ethics should be inherited and promulgated when building new medical ethics that address the outside world’s requirements and the future.
2 . How is Chinese language different from English? How do these differences impact China’s governing style and tradition? What are the lessons we can draw from the relationship between language and governing?
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The Chinese language uses a logographic system instead of an alphabet for the written language. The logographic system uses symbols that represent words and not letters as in the alphabetic system. This significant difference makes it challenging for Chinese native speakers to spell and read English words. The English language uses alphabets that consist of letters A to Z. A group of alphabets make English words. English phonology in English is different from Chinese. Chinese uses tone variation to differentiate word meaning, while in English, pitch and tone variation is used to express emotion or emphasize. Verb and tense are used in grammar, while Chinese uses uninflected language to show meaning in adverbials or word order. Chinese does not use tenses to differentiate time like in English, making it hard for Chines to understand the English verb system. Chinese people have a different governing style, and transition and they value silence and respect each other. A lesson that can be drawn from language and governing relationship is that the two are deeply rooted. Language maintains and conveys culture and ties. All infants are born the same, but the environment shapes their life opinions and their language. Different languages give different world views. People with a similar culture but other languages have different world perspectives. Governing and language are related and passed to generations through language.
