Table 1
|
Options Specification |
||||
| Options | ||||
| Description of Policy Change | Disarmament of the police force. | Reduce the severity of sentencing and policing of minor crimes. | Implement implicit training immediately after hiring a police officer. |
An oversight committee and adopting the accountability Prosecution Act The committee will be setting expectations for police conduct accompanied by tough penalties. |
| Source of Option Idea | Hawk Newsome, | Mayor Bill de Blasio | Patrick J. Lynch | Mayor Bill de Blasio |
| Implementation Responsibility | New York Administrative Agencies | New York Administrative Agencies | New York Administrative Agencies | New York Administrative Agencies |
| Mechanism of Effect |
The aim is to reduce the indifference from public members, leading to fear and failure to cooperate with the police. The policy will see that the public and police work together to combat crimes and identify the innocent ones' actual wrong doors. |
When the police understand how to differentiate severe offenses from the less serious ones, I will help reduce the already congested prisons due to better ways of correcting minor crimes. | Having a team of skilled and trained police forces will enable them to gain professionalism and effectiveness in their daily operations/ they will well understand the psychology of individuals and be equipped with the legal knowledge of handling situations. | Through reviewing the code of conduct, the police officers will understand what is expected of them. Knowing the penalties ahead, they will behave professionally and intricate with the public's members with respect and not arrogance. |
| Cost | Low | Moderate | High | Moderate |
| Legal Requirements | New York Administrative Agencies | New York Administrative Agencies | None | New York Administrative Agencies |
| Position of 1st Stakeholder | Disagree | Disagree | Strongly agree | Strongly agree |
| Position of 2nd Stakeholder | Agree | Agree | Agree | Strongly agree |
| Position of 3rd Stakeholder | Disagree | Agree | Strongly Agree | Strongly Agree |
| … | ||||
| Degree of Consensus | Low | Moderate | High | High |
Options Assessment
Restructuring and reforming the police force are necessary to address their misconduct, which can be through policy options. Protests have come up to stop the use of firearms and other military-level equipment against civilians unarmed. Memolo (2018) indicates that though reforms on this issue may not wholly lead to the police force's complete demilitarization. There is a need to establish protocols on the right and less fetal equipment that can be used and does not have to carry this military equipment daily. However, this policy option is not fully supported in that stakeholders' responses have a low level of agreement towards it, even when it seems to be highly effective in minimizing cases of police officers harming or killing suspects.
Delegate your assignment to our experts and they will do the rest.
The issue of lessening punishment for minor offenses brings about measuring the magnitude that a police officer may forego for a crime. This option is effective, but stakeholders have different opinions regarding the stop of policing and criminalizing petty crimes. The measurement matrix shows that this policy option's response is moderately low, and others disagree entirely with it. It is, therefore, crucial to clarify those offenses that either fall in or significant or minor category. However, doing so is a tedious and expensive exercise.
Stakeholders have a joint high level of support in the agreement that there is a need to review police officers' hiring models and increase training on security and crime matters. This strategy is highly effective in bringing about the desired changes. Kurtz & Smith (2020) point out that such practices can facilitate the redesigning and changing the entire policing system. With sufficient knowledge about the law, the police officers will take responsibility and be accountable. There is proven data to show how this can help deal with police misconduct. McKeon (2018) point out that the police are advised to consider all the alternatives in dealing with an unwilling subject before resorting to the use of force. Wood et al. (2020) also show that training is practical for reducing deaths from police brutality when the police consider the various options.
Stakeholders have a strong level of support in the agreement that is having an oversight committee that will monitor the police department will increase transparency and tame the police department. Woodward and Mark (2020) also propose that the committee set standards and a code of conduct to enable the police officers to act on accountability and responsibility for their actions. Enacting the Prosecution Accountability Act that supports an oversight board of governance is a highly effective strategy that will guarantee transparency and proper ethical conduct in the entire police department.
Table 2
|
Options Assessment |
||||
| Options | ||||
| Description of the policy change |
Disarmament Of police officers |
Ending the policing of minor crimes. | Training and hiring protocols to change and improve the police department system |
Oversight committee by passing the Prosecution Accountability Act Personal responsibility and accountability to deter police from using force |
| Political Feasibility |
A section of stakeholders will resist the demilitarization of police officers, while a few will support it. Those in support agree that it reduces fear from members of the public. Those against it say that it will interfere with their security role. |
The policy will lead to a mixed reaction from various political groups. Significant differences will be on what constitutes a crime being major-minor. | The political class will support training and set up a new protocol on hiring the police office. The support comes from the fact that the training will enable the officers to understand the law and its impact on society. | Politicians agree on having an oversight committee to overlook the entire police department and increase the rule of law and accountability. |
| Administrative Feasibility | Challenging to implement | The complex process of implementation | Easily implementable | Moderately implementable because of financial demand |
| Financial Feasibility | No funding required | No funding |
No funding |
Moderate funding |
| Equity | Fair for all | Unfair in establishing major and minor crimes | Moderately fair | Fair to all |
| Effectiveness | Very effective | Effective | Very effective | Effective |
| Summary Ranking | High level of support 1 |
Lowest level of support 4 |
Highest level of support 2 |
Moderate level of support 3 |
Important Findings
Highest support: The political class strongly supports training to officers as well as the introduction of the Prosecution Accountability Act. These policies are adequate to minimize brutality towards members of the public. Hunt (2021) points out that policy implementation requires governors to pass executive orders to make the policy effective and equitable for all. For most of the policy options, moderate funding is needed. In distinguishing the options, factors to consider are administrative feasibility which is at an intermediate level. Equity effectiveness is high. Organizational, political feasibility is also high, and the policy’s financial feasibility moderately high.
Table 3
Qualitative Options Assessment Matrix
|
Option 1: Disarmament Of police officers |
Option 2: Ending the policing of minor crimes. |
Option 3: Training and hiring protocols |
Option 4: Oversight committee |
||
| Effectiveness | HIGH |
MODERATE |
HIGH |
HIGH | |
| Political Feasibility |
MODERATE |
MODERATE |
HIGH |
HIGH |
|
|
Administrative Feasibility |
LOW |
LOW |
MODERATE |
MODERATE | |
|
Financial Feasibility |
LOW |
MODERATE / HIGH |
HIGH |
MODERATE | |
|
Legal Feasibility |
LOW |
MODERATE |
MODERATE |
HIGH | |
|
Equity Feasibility |
LOW |
LOW |
HIGH |
HIGH |
Table 3 illustrates the qualitative labels of the policy options in the assessment matric. Each of the cells contains qualitative labels ranging from high feasibility to low feasibility. The policy options can be determined based on their pros and cons within the lens of each assessment matrix.
Recommendation
My recommendation is that training has to be the top priority and set up an efficient hiring process. Wood (2020) shows that training is an effective tool for increasing knowledge on fundamental issues such as security, alternative options of dealing with non-cooperating suspects, and other criminal matters. There is also a wide range of verified evidence on training being highly effective in changing the police department and system, as Blumber et al. (2019) pointed out. There is a need for a minimal amount of training cost, but the result will benefit both the public and the police system. Therefore, training will not have an ease in its implementation but it will be a worthwhile endeavor.
References
Blumberg, D. M. (2019). New directions in police academy training: A call to action. International journal of environmental research and public health, 16(24), 4941.
Feldman, E. R. (2019). Strict tort liability for police misconduct. Colum. JL & Soc., 89
Harris, C. J. (2017). Reducing violence and aggression in police officers. The Wiley handbook of violence and aggression, 1-12
Hunt, L. W. (2021). Policing, Brutality, and the Demands of Justice. Criminal Justice Ethics, 1, 1-6.
Kurtz, C. &. (2020, August 11). Police Reform in New York State. JD SUPRA. Retrieved from https://www.jdsupra.com/legalnews/police-reform-in-new-york-state-89553/
Lowande, K. (2020). Police demilitarization and violent crime. Nature human behavior, 1-7.
McKeon, M. C. (2018). Police Misconduct: Ineffective Policy Department Complaint-Review Procedures and the Proposition of Corrective Federal Oversight. Suffolk UL Rev., 51(1), 309.
Mummolo, J. (2018). Modern police tactics, police-citizen interactions, and the prospects for reform. The Journal of Politics, 80(1), 1-15.
Wood, G. T. (2020). Procedural justice training reduces police use of force and complaints against officers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(18), 9815-9821. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1920671117
Woodward, A. &. (2020, June 3). Research-based Methods of Reducing Police Violence. Business Insider, pp. 1-3. Retrieved from https://www.businessinsider.com/research-based-methods-of-reducing-police-violence-2020-6?IR=T
