The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) was established to create systems of confidentiality within the healthcare facilities and outside the facilities and to keep private health information protected ( HHS ONC, 2015 ). The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rule regulates the disclosure and use of protected health information (PHI) by health insurers, clearinghouse, employer-sponsored health plans, and healthcare and Medicaid providers. When individual demands protected health information, the privacy rule requires medical professionals to give it to individuals ( HHS ONC, 2015 ) . This privacy rule is complemented by security rule, which protects electronically protected health information.
The covered entity is an individual who provides treatment, operation, and payment in healthcare. Under The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), the covered entity must comply with the rules and regulations to adequately protect the privacy and security of protected health information ( HHS ONC, 2015 ) .
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A business associate is an individual or entity other than health care providers, including health plans, health care clearinghouses, and health care providers that give a variety of services on their behalf. They claim data analysis, quality insurance, utilization reviews, and billing of a patient (GINA, 2010) .
Protected Health Information (PHI) is any information linked to an individual about health status, payment for health, or provision of health care that is collected by the covered entity or business associate of a covered entity.
Privacy rule creates national standards that ensure the protection of personal health information by healthcare providers (GINA, 2010) . The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) privacy rule regulates information transmission of protected health information.
Breach in the health insurance portability, and accountability act is impermissible disclosure or use of the protected health information under the privacy rule and security. The risk assessment must be performed to determine the probability that the impermissible disclosure or use of protected information has been compromised (GINA, 2010) .
Minimum necessary access is standards set to hinder unnecessary or inappropriate access to protected health information. The rules apply to covered entities towards access to electronically protected health information to business associates and other covered entities.
Administrative safeguards are an essential subset of The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) security rule that deals with managerial action procedures and policies to develop, implement and maintain security measures to protect electronically protected health information (GINA, 2010) .
Physical safeguards, according to The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is physical measures, procedures, and policies to protect electronic information system entities and any related to health care organization office to the home of employees.
References
HHS ONC. (2015). Guide to Privacy and Security of Electronic Health Information . https://www.healthit.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/privacy/privacy-and-security-guide.pdf
GINA. (2010). http://www.ginahelp.org/GINAhelp.pdf
Lee, C. D., Ho, K. I. J., & Lee, W. B. (2011). A novel key management solution for reinforcing compliance with HIPAA privacy/security regulations. IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine , 15 (4), 550-556.
McNett, M. (2020). Protecting the data: Security and privacy. In Data for Nurses (pp. 87-99). Academic Press.
