In a considerable number of adults, heart disease does not begin with sudden de-compensation. To determine the exact period in civilization during which heart disease was discovered is difficult. However, Li and Corey (2013) indicate that heart disease became known after the discovery of a reduced passage of blood in an individual’s coronary artery. The risk factors associated with the disease are inclusive of the social determinants of health. These determinants reflect on the impact that the social environment has on the health of individuals within a given community. The imbalance in the social determinants is attributed to health inequalities within different communities.
Past interventions used to take care of the health needs of individuals with heart disease or myocardial infarction emphasized on smoking cessation, engaging in physical activities, reducing weight, finding suitable ways to deal with stress, and improving diet (Ebrahim & Smith, 1998). The interventions focused on secondary prevention of contracting heart disease. These interventions do not work in primary prevention. However, Ebrahim and Smith (1998) take note of the idea that primary prevention is fundamental in most definitions of primary prevention. With the increase in social disparities in the contemporary society, health organizations and government focus on tackling the issue through community-oriented programs in different workplaces, primary care, and schools.
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Improvements for implementing change also account for the improvement of national health monitoring as well as surveillance systems. In addition to the utilization of hierarchical analysis frameworks at different levels, the development of statistical linkage techniques, which include the application of socioeconomic measures in a particular community, have increased the assessment of public health outcomes that could assist in the identification of disadvantaged groups (Kreatsoulas & Anand, 2010). The techniques used have made it possible for researchers as well as policymakers to study the attached risk factors that are inclusive of the physical activity levels, smoking habits, and the dietary behaviors of individuals at the level of a particular neighborhood or community.
According to Kreatsoulas and Anand (2010), the assessment makes it possible to develop new approaches that could take care of the issue at the community level. For instance, an understanding of the community, as well as household determinants of the issue, could be a factor that led to the legislation prohibiting smoking in different working environments. The legislation presumably highlights the importance of setting laws that could reduce the impact of the cardiovascular risk factors, even though they vary by the geographical region as well as people's cultural background. However, the interventions are required for the development of suitable prevention strategies needed for promoting healthy behavior among people in a given community.
As identified, the outcome indicators used for determining the disadvantaged groups are vital for understanding the social and economic forces used for the promotion and development of the risk factors that affect individuals that are screened and those that are treated. Currently, the measured outcomes are used in disseminating knowledge and applying effective strategies that could assist in the reduction of the prevalence of heart disease. For instance, an assessment of the social determinant of health assists in illuminating the interactions between social processes and cardiovascular health at different levels (Kreatsoulas & Anand, 2010).
In this case, after the identification of a disadvantaged population, it would be possible for policymakers and healthcare organization to tailor intervention strategies at an early age before the person exhibits the risk factors. Consequently, the initiative improves the cardiovascular health of the population, which reduces the burden placed on health resources. For instance, Kreatsoulas and Anand (2010) indicate that strong social bond and the inexistence of latent social conflict in Chicago could be associated with the region’s general physical activities. Such engagements are likely to improve the overall health outcomes of the given community.
References
Ebrahim, S. & Smith, G. D. (1998). Health promotion for coronary heart disease: Past, present, and future. European Heart Journal, 19 (12), 1751-1757.
Kreatsoulas, C., & Anand, S. S. (2010). The impact of social determinants on cardiovascular disease. The Canadian Journal of Cardiology , 26 (Suppl C), 8C–13C.
Li, J. J., & Corey, E. J. (2013). Drug discovery: Practices, processes, and perspectives . Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley & Sons.
