Hou, F., Crossman, E., & Picot, G. (2020). Two‐step Immigration Selection: Recent Trends in Immigrant Labour Market Outcomes. Statistics Canada: Economic Insights , 1-13.
The article examines the influence of increased selection of economic immigrants from temporary foreign workers on the recent improvement in immigrant employment rates and their respective entry earning. It is noted in the paper that those immigrants who were formerly foreign workers and had medium or high-income earnings got high earnings after their immigrations as compared to the other immigrants. Hou, (2020) research was driven by the need for expansion of two immigration selection, which has always been the driving force to the improvement in the recent labor market outcomes. The paper chart analysis for the past statistics data collected to analyze the two-step immigration selection and recent migration labor market outcomes. The charts show the annual employment incidence in the first full year after immigration, derived from a longitudinal immigration database. From the charts, the high percentage of immigrant’s filler reports $500 from their employment income in a given year, which is generally higher than the commonly used employment rates (Hou, 2020).
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The trend in earnings and benefits that comes with it in terms of admissions from foreign workers to immigrants with higher incomes begs how long such an advantage is expected to last. From the paper analysis, the trend indicates that those people who secure a job from Canada as foreigners would benefit hugely as compared to their counterparts whose their substantial advantage in initial employment incidences and entry earnings among immigrants with medium or high pre-immigration Canadian incomes over other immigrants begs the question of how long this advantage will last. It may not be too surprising that individuals who already had a job in Canada at some point before landing would do better during the first year or two than those who enter the Canadian labor market with no such experience. Perhaps more important is the question of whether this advantage persists with an increased number of years after immigration. This section explores this question by first reviewing relevant previous studies and then providing updated statistics. From the paper analysis, the trend indicates that those who secure a job from Canada as foreigners would benefit hugely compared to their counterparts who landed in the Canadian labor market.
Immigration, R. (2016). Low-income and Immigration: An Overview and Future Directions for Research.
The article offers an overview of future directions from research concerning low income and immigration. From the paper analysis, the trend shows a gap between the low income rate for immigrants and those born in Canada. There is increasing low-income rates among the immigrants compared to those born in Canada and those who have been in Canada for a more extended period. It draws attention since the low income has a significant impact on these immigrants and their families' ability to proper social, economic, and cultural participation. Even though there is a review on the improvement of the immigrant financial status concerning the Canadian born, it still appears that there is a clique of the immigrants who have not seen such an improvement in their economic status and continuously live in chronic situations. It is a severe social and Market challenge (Immigration, 2016). Therefore, the report has reviewed the recent literature from other resources on immigrants' low-income status to identify different measures of low income. The proposal is that there should be a review of the policies that influence recent immigrants' income. The paper also suggests an assessment of market conditions in Canada in relation to low income to be redesigned to meet the demands of the new market landscape.
Picot, W. G. (2014). Immigrant economic and social outcomes in Canada: Research and data development at Statistics Canada . Ottawa: Statistics, Canada.
The articles by picot analyses the immigrant economic and social outcomes in Canada, a research conducted in the year 2014. From the paper, it is observed that for the last 25 years, there has been a reduction in the decline of the economic incomes for immigrants entering Canada. However, the paper also noted a difference with the second-generation Canadian that are majorly children whose economic outcomes are more positive irrespective of the challenging and challenging financial situations. Picot (2008) focuses on knowing the economic deterioration and the underlying reasons with his research majorly based on statistical data.
His work captures the data development in Canada's statistics and the policies guiding them to support the increased studies on the same topic. Between 2002 and 2008, up to 64 statistical articles were released with others focusing on immigration. The paper research argues that between the 1980s and 1990s, three main factors were influencing deterioration in economic outcomes. The three factors include declining returns to foreign exchange, deterioration in financial results for all new entrants in the Market, and the changing mix of source regions and other related issues such as language and school quality. The data suggest that many Canadians view immigration as a great opportunity to enhance development in their country and continually throw their support to it. The statistical data reviewed indicate a very positive economic outcome for most second-generation Canadians.
Excel Calculations and Analysis
Incomes Analysis
From the excel data analysis, it shows that a higher number of Low-Income Immigrants (142,240) depend on the Market as their source of income, and a few (13,249 persons) depend on Government in their first years of admission.
Income Source Analysis
The graph shows employment pays the highest amount of Dollars in terms of Income (Average 23,360) in their first year of admission, while Government is the least contributor at an average of 1,960.
References
Hou, F., Crossman, E., & Picot, G. (2020). Two‐step Immigration Selection: Recent Trends in Immigrant Labour Market Outcomes. Statistics Canada: Economic Insights , 1-13.
Immigration, R. (2016). Low-income and Immigration: An Overview and Future Directions for Research.
Picot, W. G. (2014). Immigrant economic and social outcomes in Canada: Research and data development at Statistics Canada . Ottawa: Statistics, Canada.
