The human body produce various sounds. We are familiar with many of these sounds, seeing as they are audible, for example, breathing sounds, the whispering sounds heard when one’s rub the ear lobe in between the finger and the thumb, and the noise produced during sneezing. On the other hand, there are noises that are produced from within our bodies, most especially by the heart, which might be inaudible to us. The sounds of the heart, even though they might be inaudible to the unheard individual that produces them, are often felt by any other person who might want to get close to the chest of this said individual. Speaking of the medical fraternity, physicians are charged with ensuring that they can describe normal heartbeats before undertaking to label anything as abnormal. The sounds of the heart follow a systematic rhythm of “lub- dub” or “lub-dup” (Parveen, 2013). The “lub” is normally the first one of the sounds that are produced by the heart, and it is caused by the turbulence that’s brought about by the closure of the tricuspid valve at the start of the systole during a ventricular ejection.
At the start of the diastole, the S2 is then felt and is referred to as the “dub” or “dup” during a ventricular filling, which is caused by the closure of pulmonic and aortic valves. To put this into context, imagine that there are two lines, one for the VIP and the other for the normal entry, and that this line is passing through turnstiles. The line that sets the VIP apart as they pass will represent the “lub” and that of normal people will be taken for the “dub”. Every time an individual passes through the turnstiles, s/he rotates in sync and produces the “lub-dub” sounds. The turnstiles also help ensure that there is no going back for this said individual, as such, letting him/her make to only make forward movements that are similar to those of the heart. Thus, to remember these sounds, it is essential for any student to associate the S1 and S2 sounds to the turnstiles movement. The heart tones can be used in conjunction with other clinical findings to create differential diagnostics, which should help treat cardiac pathologies and heart failure (Tasca, 2010).
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Understanding what goes on after hearing the sounds of the heartbeats have been made, is very applicable to real life situations, as it is vital with regards to the development of medical competency amongst medics. Meanwhile, there has been interesting research into this topic by Kumar, who has since come up with a unique stethoscope, called the Fuzzy Expert System (FES). The FES is to help doctors arrive at appropriate decisions, for each one of the times that they find themselves in difficult situations. Kumar (2006), used information generated from doctors to develop a rule base for his FES, therefore, which makes the FES far superior as opposed to the conventional and electronic stethoscopes.
References
Kumar, B.H. (2006). A Fuzzy Expert System Design for Analysis of Body Sounds and Design of a Unique Electronic Stethoscope (Development of HILSA Kit). Biosensors and Bioelectronics , 22(6), 1121-1125. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bios.2006.04.012
Parveen, M. (2013). Cardiac Functioning, Disorders, Challenges and Therapies. Jaype Brothers Publishers
Tasca, E. (2010). Lub Dub. Jan-Carol Publishing
