The policy selected for this paper is the “Patient Protection and Affordable Care.” When the act was instituted, it led the diverse healthcare stakeholders to realize numerous benefits. The “Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act” was instituted to allow citizens of America to realize improved security in the healthcare sector by introducing wide-ranging reforms in the insurance sector, which broadened coverage to ensure that Americans realized healthcare security (Faguet, 2013) . Additionally, the reforms aimed at reducing healthcare costs, boosting healthcare quality, availing diverse choices, and instituting order as well as increased accountability in the healthcare insurance sector. For the act, it has played a critical role in terms of making sure providers of healthcare exercise best practices while delivering care (Davidson, 2013) . The paper assesses the role that participation by the public has in the management of the healthcare sector. Moreover, it evaluates the various contributions that the healthcare stakeholders have made in the sector. Furthermore, it assesses the advantages that the policy allows the citizens of America to realize.
Policy Description and Parties Responsible for Formulation and Promotion
The attorneys as well as other House Office of the Legislative Council were responsible for preparing the act, while it became law on March 2010. Nonetheless, the deployment of the act started on January 2014. They ensured that the attorneys together with their clients would utilize the act immediately. The state instituted awareness initiatives aimed at making sure that each citizen had knowledge concerning the act. Additionally, the government made the act available in state websites as well as key media outlets. Since the act offered numerous benefits to the public, it gained significant interest among the public, allowing it to realize significant reach (Rawal, 2016) . The tremendous level of participation by the public also played a critical role in facilitating the act’s promotion.
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The act allows numerous stakeholders to realize diverse benefits. In the event of the patients, for example, it offers consultation structures in which healthcare providers participate. The act supports an increased level of involvement between healthcare consultants and clinicians, creating room for making informed making of decisions, which emphasizes on the patients’ individual values. Also, the act offers consultation structures, which healthcare experts utilize. Presently, patients have the ability of gaining increased information regarding the decisions by healthcare professionals together with healthcare options they can access. It provides a framework that allows service providers to tailor their service provision and skills (Selker & Wasser, 2013) . This plays a crucial role in boosting care quality, allowing patients to experience comfort when their caregivers make certain decisions.
Moreover, the act has affected healthcare institutions by allowing them to lay significant emphasis on patient needs, hence creating a need for offering standardized quality that supports the patient. In this vein, the act resulted to the establishment as well as deployment of evidence-based system for patient support. This has led to an improvement in the quality of healthcare services delivered to patients while at the same time eradicating litigations as well as complaints (Faguet, 2013) . Since the institution of the act, tremendous rise has been witnessed in the involvement of the patients when it comes to decision making regarding their health. The reason for this is that patients are presently capable of interacting easily with healthcare experts. In the event of the commissioners that took part in the act’s formulation as well as enactment, it has made it possible to emphasize on reflecting on patient desires, outcomes, and preferences at the individual and community level (Selker & Wasser, 2013) . Also, the act has made it possible to realize a cost-effective healthcare system that revolves around the exact needs of the patients.
Tradeoffs Bringing Balance to Healthcare Stakeholders
Various researchers reveal that the healthcare environment is characterized by numerous changes, which present new advantages as well as risks. This leads to emergence of new challenges that affect stakeholders. In establishing a balance, distinct interventions should prevail. The Affordable Care Act’s administrators should ensure they direct other stakeholders in making sure they understand as well as improve the system. Since increasing information is becoming available, the stakeholders should consider reassessing the manner in which they should establish a balance between the benefits as well as risks (Rawal, 2016) . In the case of the ACA, it emerged out of a compromise together with political influence, which deigned the benefits that stakeholders would realize and means of attaining them. Indeed, the providers of healthcare needed to tradeoff new clients as well as declining costs with emerging obligations to taxation and minimized revenues (Davidson, 2013) . Nevertheless, it is not possible to realize the tradeoffs in reality. Indeed, the discussions face certain charges since the stakeholders feel that the policies disadvantage them.
Public Perception and Disinterestedness Role in Healthcare Performance Valuation
The perception and participation of the public play a critical role with it comes to shaping the performance of the healthcare sector. The perception by the public normally influences public debate, hence influences the decisions by patients on the areas they should acquire medical assistance together with their anticipations regarding the service quality they would receive. To foster effectiveness, the healthcare sector needs assessing the perception of the public often to assist in reputation management while at the same time increasing understanding regarding what it required to meet or exceed the anticipations of the public. Healthcare institutions receive rating based on the opinions and views by the public (Faguet, 2013) . However, accountability has lacked for many years since a large number of patients do not take part in ratings or provide their opinions concerning the services that the facilities offer. In this sense, the providers of public health services have remained behind their private counterparts, leading the public healthcare sector to receive poor performance. The disinterestedness by the public on healthcare policies also leads to reduced service quality in public healthcare. The reason for this is that it has led to reduced desire for appropriate standards that should govern the delivery of healthcare services (Rawal, 2016) . The lack of checks and balances in the sector on the practitioners’ part together with the lack of interest by the public leads the healthcare practitioners undertake their operations in a manner that pleases them without considering the interests of the public.
Process Innovation, Risk Taking, Health Policy Analysis, and Governance and Stakeholders Balance
The technologies and innovations witnessed in the healthcare sector can influences the delivery of services. Nonetheless, technology and innovation might present doubts, especially since they might result to adverse effects in certain situations. Indeed, all interventions in the medical environment present certain risks, which require taking into consideration in the event of the clinical setting and the patients. In this case, such kinds of assessments should not be carried out in isolation (Faguet, 2013) . It would be crucial to focus on the benefits that the solutions would offer while at the same time weighing them against the probable threats. Additionally, it would be vital to sensitize the public to facilitate in promoting capacity building. By contrast, providers of insurance should make sure to treat their clients fairly to facilitate in establishing a streamlined system that all stakeholders would accept and be able to manage (Selker & Wasser, 2013) . By investing finances to ensure that the healthcare system remains affordable, the government is able to develop a platform that would permit all parties to access quality and sufficient services. When the state takes part in governing the policy, it becomes possible to institute the required checks and balances that would make sure healthcare providers take part in securing their investment. Governance plays an essential role in the healthcare system to make sure that it becomes more efficient and appealing to major stakeholders (Rawal, 2016) . On the other hand, technology has offered an efficient and innovative means of handling data, which makes sure that the public, insurance providers and healthcare providers receive coverage in a system that promotes preservation of information.
Conclusion
The ACA has played a crucial role in facilitating in the emergence of an agreeable situation among the diverse stakeholders. Moreover, it has provided the citizens with an avenue of accessing quality care in diverse designated facilities. The involvement of the state has been essential in terms of fostering accountability among insurance providers and healthcare providers. The participation of the public is also essential with it comes to healthcare provision. As such, more needs to be done to facilitate in enforcing this kind of participation.
References
Davidson, S. (2013). A new era in U.S. health care: critical next steps under the Affordable Care Act. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.
Faguet, G. B. (2013). The Affordable Care Act: a missed opportunity, a better way forward. New York, NY: Algora Publishing.
Rawal, P. H. (2016). The Affordable Care Act: examining the facts. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO.
Selker, H. P., & Wasser, J. S. (2013). The Affordable Care Act as a national experiment: health policy innovations and lessons. Berlin: Springer Science & Business Media.
