Intimate partner violence is recognized as one of the serious problems with adverse effects on individuals, family, and society. The focus of the government and community levels need to address this problem and stop this issue from happening. Prevention approaches need to focus on ensuring that there is a reduction of intimate partner violence by promoting healthy, respectful, and nonviolent relationships at the community level (Little & Mount, 2018). Factors that contribute to intimate partner violence in the adult stage originate from the link at family and community level. Children have the tendency to adulthood based on early experiences. Early intervention policy should have community and family-based strategies.
Various factors predict the occurrence of intimate partner violence experienced at the adult level. According to Theobald & Farrington (2012), early experiences determine the kind of behavior an individual is likely to show at adolescent and adulthood. A longitudinal study conducted at Cambridge revealed various factors with significant impact on intimate partner violence at adulthood. For instance, children having a criminal father showed criminal activities at adulthood. The central idea is that the family becomes the primary socializing factor. As a result, the ideas observations that children observe from parents and caregivers shape their behavior at adulthood (Narayan et al., 2017). Fathers act as role models for their sons and daughters. In effect, children learn criminal activities and exercise in future life. Disrupted families also contribute to children’s behavior. Early exposure to disrupted families contributes to inadequate supervision for children. The guidance includes activities such as educating children to the norms of the society and actions capable of leading to a successful life. Disrupted families interfere with the structure of the family, making it challenging to implement strategies for educating and socializing children to the community. These factors create an opportunity for shaping an intervention strategy for preventing adult crime.
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Disputed families, criminal fathers, inadequate supervision, and poor relationship with parents help policymakers in understanding essential stakeholders and resources needed to prevent the occurrence of intimate partner violence at adulthood. For instance, such factors create an understanding of the origin of the issue and the requirements for forming an intervention approach. The elements are attributable to actions at the family and community level, thus calling for a need for community intervention prevention strategy (Theobald & Farrington, 2012). This information indicates that early intervention strategy calls for a need for various mechanisms for fighting against intimate partner violence as a social issue. Intimate partner violence adulthood shows that there is a need for involving different sectors such as education, citizen, judicial, health, and disaster management to protect children from witnessing domestic violence (Afifi et al., 2017). For instance, criminal fathers and poor supervision issues need the input of both the community and the judicial body. Multiple stakeholders play an essential role in administering early prevention approach against the occurrence of intimate partner violence at adulthood.
Based on the information provided in existing programs for fighting against intimate partner violence, various resources need to be put in place. For example, the government needs to allocate a significant amount of funds in an attempt to creating youth diversion strategies (Little & Mount, 2018). This information indicates that financial resource is one of the essential factors needed in building institutions and employing people capable of transforming the behavior of young children. The government should be the fundamental source of the funds as it shows the level of commitment in supporting behavior change in the community.
Financial allocations by the government need to be used in establishing family support services such as maternal and child healthcare. Early intervention strategy should focus on the community level to identify the challenges experienced by parents in an attempt of providing support to their children (Miller-Graff et al., 2016). Inadequate supervision is one of the factors contributing to a high level of community-based intimate partnership violence adulthood. As a result, maternal healthcare will be in a position to help parents in fostering acceptable code of conduct in children at an early age. Maternal healthcare centres also need to be accompanied by the creation of Pre School for young children (Eckhardt et al., 2013). The school will be used as a resource for providing the information needed in taking care of children whose parents do not find adequate time for giving guidelines. In the modern world, people ignore the importance of spending time with children. In effect, pre-school for young children will be an approach for providing children with moral values from qualified people. At-risk children will remain engaged in the schools, thus preventing the development of violence behavior learned from family members.
In conclusion, family and community-based factors contribute to intimate partner violence experienced by people at adulthood. Development of these traits depends on family backgrounds, especially the level of connection between children and their parents. The central idea is that parents and family members cause primary socialization to children, thus creating a high probability for coping behavior learned from a family setting. If one or both the parents have criminal behavior, the child is likely to portray such traits at adulthood. This information calls for a need for government to increase financial allocation to be used in creating supportive institutions such as Pre School for children and institutions for keeping at-risk children.
References
Little, M., & Mount, K. (2018). Prevention and early intervention with children in need. Routledge.
Theobald, D., & Farrington, D. P. (2012). Child and adolescent predictors of male intimate partner violence. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 53(12), 1242-1249.
Eckhardt, C. I., Murphy, C. M., Whitaker, D. J., Sprunger, J., Dykstra, R., & Woodard, K. (2013). The effectiveness of intervention programs for perpetrators and victims of intimate partner violence. Partner abuse, 4(2), 196-231.
Narayan, A. J., Labella, M. H., Englund, M. M., Carlson, E. A., & Egeland, B. (2017). The legacy of early childhood violence exposure to adulthood intimate partner violence: Variable-and person-oriented evidence. Journal of family psychology, 31(7), 833.
Afifi, T. O., Mota, N., Sareen, J., & MacMillan, H. L. (2017). The relationships between harsh physical punishment and child maltreatment in childhood and intimate partner violence in adulthood. BMC public health, 17(1), 493.
Miller-Graff, L. E., Cater, Å. K., Howell, K. H., & Graham-Bermann, S. A. (2016). Parent–child warmth as a potential mediator of childhood exposure to intimate partner violence and positive adulthood functioning. Anxiety, Stress, & Coping, 29(3), 259-273.
