Conduct disorder is a common disease among children, particularly boys. According to a research study by Collins et al., (2020), t he disease's prevalence is more than 16% in boys and more than 9% in girls. Conduct disorder is a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in children and adolescents where they violet the rights of other children or some social rules. Such behaviors take place in different settings, such as churches, homes, and schools. The repetitive actions have a significant impact on a child's concentration.
Signs and symptoms
Aggression is a significant sign of diseases among children. In some instances, these children do not show aggression but remain silent but dangerous. They can exhibit their frustration by setting a house on fire (Volkmar et al., 2014). Also, deceitful action is common among children. In most cases also, serious rule violations such truancy is frequent.
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Pathophysiology
The conduct disorder's real cause is unknown, but there are hypotheses that a combination of psychological, genetic, environmental, and biological factors can contribute to this disease (Sadock, Sadock & Ruiz, 2014). Psychologically, any illness or issue tempering with the brain can cause the disease. Also, the environmental influence, as well as parents' guide, can be a cause. There is a hypothesis that some of these traits are inheritable.
Diagnosis
While diagnosing the conduct behaviors, the doctors look at the symptoms. Signs such as aggression, severe misconduct, and violation of social rules, and also deceitfulness are some of the leading areas the doctor looks to aid in diagnosis.
Treatment options
Treatment options target the elimination of the behaviors. Therefore, behavior change therapies, such as cognitive therapies, can be critical. Also, family therapy can be vital in this case to eliminate the behaviors ( González-Madruga et al., 2020). However, any treatment must look at the history of the patient. Some of these actions can be due to mental health issues or biological issues. In such cases, appropriate intervention to correct the situation should be the priority.
References
Colins, O. F., Van Damme, L., Hendriks, A. M., & Georgiou, G. (2020). The DSM-5 with Limited Prosocial Emotions Specifier for Conduct Disorder: a Systematic Literature Review. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment , 1-11.
González-Madruga, K., Rogers, J., Toschi, N., Riccelli, R., Smaragdi, A., Puzzo, I.,& Raschle, N. (2020). White matter microstructure of the extended limbic system in male and female youth with conduct disorder. Psychological medicine , 50 (1), 58-67.
Sadock, B. J., Sadock, V. A., & Ruiz, P. (2014). Kaplan & Sadock's synopsis of psychiatry: Behavioral sciences/clinical psychiatry (11th Ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer.
Volkmar, F., Siegel, M., Woodbury-Smith, M., King, B., McCracken, J., & State, M. (2014). Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with an autism spectrum disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 53(2), 237–257. Retrieved from http://www.jaacap.com/article/S0890-8567(13)00819-8/pdf
