The presentation of a research study determines the reaction that an audience has towards the information presented. Thus, to elicit a positive response from an audience, it is critical for researchers to ensure that the content submitted is eye-opening, compelling and riveting. Additionally, on completion of a research study, researchers may be required to publish the same for their audience, funders or the public. A report that is released for donors is expected to establish accountability for the funds allocated and outline the researchers’ accomplishments. However, publishing research findings for the public serves an informative purpose, making it crucial for the research to be translated into a non-technical language and the information presented be linked to the knowledge that is already available to the public. Finally, the preparation of a research proposal refers to the presentation of an idea for consideration and the purpose of the same, funding or research, determines the appropriate structure for use (Tappen, 2016).
The Science of Health – An Introduction to NINR Research
I agree with the priorities that NINR has established to govern research on the science of health over the next five years. The said institution deems it necessary to leverage past research to create room for future accomplishments and also advocates for the incorporation of a wide range of interdisciplinary approaches to facilitate the scientific research that will lead to the development of better health outcomes and services. Moreover, NINR seeks to continue to focus on necessary research components to establish a better understanding of biological systems. Furthermore, the institution looks not only to maintain but also to redouble its commitment to advancing the health of the population regardless of the disparities, thereof ("The Science of Health – An Introduction to NINR Research," 2019).
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Therefore, no elimination is necessary because all the named priorities are crucial to the betterment of healthcare. However, NINR could consider adopting measures like redefining evidence-based medicine (EBM) to allow it to serve the purpose that it was initially meant to accomplish. Since the introduction of EBM, the cost of healthcare has increased dramatically whereas the goal of EBM, creating health gains for the population, does not appear to have been realized. Thus, it would be crucial for NINR to facilitate the realization of the said goal by liberalizing hypothesis choices, study designs employed and the publications that are permitted (Every‐Palmer& Howick, 2014).
Additionally, NINR should also focus on improving the study designs used to conduct health care research. For instance, the said institution can consider the application of the epidemiological paradigm in research which offers a variety quasi-experimental, experimental and observational research designs that could facilitate the determination of the effectiveness of the interventions employed to facilitate healthcare improvements (Portela et al., 2015). Finally, NINR should consider taking measures to improve the quality of reporting. The latter may be done by establishing reporting guidelines for simulation-based research (SBR) through the creation of extensions of Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) and Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) (Cheng et al., 2016).
The nursing research priorities proposed by the NINR are crucial because they will facilitate the realization of the organization’s goals of enhancing health through disease prevention and health promotion. Secondly, a better understanding of the functioning of biological systems in the human body will make it possible to establish better means of managing and dealing with the symptoms of both acute and chronic illnesses. Additionally, the combination of research efforts made will enhance the quality of palliative and end of life care offered and facilitate the development of the next generation of nurse scientists. Furthermore, leveraging past research will be crucial to the realization of the goals of enhancing innovation in both practice and science ("The Science of Health – An Introduction to NINR Research," 2019).
Evidence-Based Practice
Evidence-based practice (EBP) refers to the thorough and rational application of current and best evidence in relation to the implementation of clinical expertise to make health care decisions. The best kind of evidence is the one that is obtained from randomized controlled trials as well as other scientific research methods like qualitative and descriptive research. Information that is also derived from scientific principles, expert opinion, and case reports can also form the basis of EBP. Moreover, for a practice to be termed as evidence-based, it must apply an EBP model characterized by the selection of a practice topic, evidence critique, synthesis, implementation, and determination of the impact of the same on provider performance and patient care as well as the consideration of the setting within which the practice is implemented. Thus, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) has created an EBP model that relies on three main steps of knowledge transfer. They include creating and distilling knowledge, diffusing and disseminating and finally, organizational adoption and implementation (Cowen et al., 2017).
Quality is crucial to evidence-based practice because, in the nursing field, research that is conducted by nurses is becoming crucial to the enhancement of patient care. Also, nurses are even being encouraged to increase their involvement in research to create a strong evidence base upon which they can root their practices. Thus, high-quality research is crucial because the findings, thereof, are expected to be employed in real life settings to positively impact the lives of patients (Blake, 2016). The said importance of quality in EBP has been emphasized by researchers who establish that patient outcomes are improved when the nurse's practices are based on evidence. Thus, they propose that providing research training opportunities for nurses is a crucial strategy for health care organizations looking to enhance the quality of the research that underlies EBP (Black et al., 2015).
Research Proposal: Effects of engaging Nursing Students in Sporting Activities on their Cognitive Abilities
Introduction
Sporting activities are mainly encouraged for their health benefits including reduction of blood sugar levels, better heart functioning, regulation of sleeping patterns and enhanced fitness, among others. Regardless, apart from the noticeable physical gains that are acquired from engaging in the sporting activity, the latter is also associated with improved cognitive abilities because of the increased oxygen flow to the brain and its provision with essential nutrients. Nonetheless, involvement in sporting activity requires a great deal of coordination. Learning how to coordinate one’s body allows the brain to enhance its learning and coordination capacity (Lubans et al., 2016).
Hypotheses
H: Participation in sporting activities enhances the cognitive abilities of students.
H2: Sporting activities boosts self-esteem which in turn enhances students’ cognitive abilities.
Theory
In a study conducted by Kaas and Çerez (2016), the researchers point out that studies conducted have established that participation in sporting activity does not only enhance self-esteem among students but also impacts their education positively. Moreover, another researcher also confirmed that girls who play football exhibit positive explanatory styles and also tend to be optimistic (Warwick, 2015). Additionally, according to Walton et al. (2018), participation in sporting activity requires high efficiency in cognitive functioning like decision making, working memory and attention. Thus, continued exercise of the same on the field is easily transferred to the classroom by students that take part in sports. Therefore, this study will seek to establish the relationship that exists between participation in sporting activities and the cognitive abilities of students.
Design Model
The design model that will apply for this study is the causal design. The said design will facilitate the establishment of the effect (s) of sporting activities on the cognitive abilities of nursing students.
Method
The research will take a quantitative approach, which will involve the collection of data from a specified study population through the administration of questionnaires. The data collected will then be analyzed using statistical tools to establish the correlation between the study variables mentioned above, students’ cognitive abilities and sporting activities. The results obtained will be used to justify the acceptance or rejection of the study hypotheses and establish grounds upon which conclusions will be drawn.
Anticipated Result
It is expected that the findings of the study will indicate a strong positive correlation between sporting activities and the cognitive abilities of students.
Potential Dissemination Avenues
The findings of this research will be relevant to healthcare practitioners working in the educational scene, school administrators, students as well as guardians and parents.
Conclusion
The kind of research that a researcher undertakes determines the means through which it is presented and published and also dictates the nature of the proposal that must be submitted before the study is conducted. Therefore, it is crucial that researchers understand the type of their research to be capable of effectively proposing, presenting and publishing the same.
References
Black, A. T., Balneaves, L. G., Garossino, C., Puyat, J. H., & Qian, H. (2015). Promoting evidence-based practice through a research training program for point-of-care clinicians. The Journal of nursing administration , 45 (1), 14.
Blake, N. (2016). Yes, nurses do research, and it’s improving patient care. Retrieved from https://www.elsevier.com/connect/yes-nurses-do-research-and-it-is-improving-patient-care
Cheng, A., Kessler, D., Mackinnon, R., Chang, T. P., Nadkarni, V. M., Hunt, E. A., ... & Hui, J. (2016). Reporting guidelines for health care simulation research: extensions to the CONSORT and STROBE statements. Advances in Simulation , 1 (1), 25.
Cowen, N., Virk, B., Mascarenhas-Keyes, S., & Cartwright, N. (2017). Randomized controlled trials: how can we know “what works”?. Critical Review , 29 (3), 265-292.
Every‐Palmer, S., & Howick, J. (2014). How evidence‐based medicine is failing due to biased trials and selective publication. Journal of evaluation in clinical practice , 20 (6), 908-914.
Kaas, E. T., & Çerez, H. (2016). Examination of leisure negotiation, self-esteem, life satisfaction in participants of campus recreational sports. Pamukkale Journal of Sports Sciences , 7 (1), 67-85.
Lubans, D., Richards, J., Hillman, C., Faulkner, G., Beauchamp, M., Nilsson, M., ... & Biddle, S. (2016). Physical activity for cognitive and mental health in youth: a systematic review of mechanisms. Pediatrics , 138 (3), e20161642.
Portela, M. C., Pronovost, P. J., Woodcock, T., Carter, P., & Dixon-Woods, M. (2015). How to study improvement interventions: a brief overview of possible study types. BMJ Qual Saf , 24 (5), 325-336.
Tappen, R. M. (2016). Advanced nursing research: From theory to practice . Jones & Bartlett Publishers.
The Science of Health – An Introduction to NINR Research. (2019). Retrieved from https://www.ninr.nih.gov/sites/files/docs/ninr-strategic-plan-2011.pdf
Walton, C. C., Keegan, R. J., Martin, M., & Hallock, H. (2018). The potential role for cognitive training in sport: more research needed. Frontiers in psychology , 9 .
Warwick, I. (2015). An Exploratory Study of Mental Wellbeing and Factors Associated with Resilience Among Girls Engaged in Competitive Football (Doctoral dissertation, University of Huddersfield).
