Boutayeb, A., Lamlili, M. E., Boutaye, W., Maamri, A., Ziyyat, A., & Ramdani, N. (2012). The rise of diabetes prevalence in the Arab region. Open Journal of Epidemiology, , 2,55-60.
The study is demonstrating the reasons for increasing tendency of diabetes prevalence with an intention to propose effective actions liable to reduce the load of diabetes in the Arab world. The study used Primary component analysis to illustrate resemblances and variances between Arab countries according to four variables: the prevalence of diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes related deaths and diabetes related expenses per individual.
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The study uses a standardize data on diabetes published by the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) 2011. A linear regression model used to study the correlation between human development index and diabetes prevalence ( Human development report., 2011). The author’s ensured that the quality of data collected through using data that came from the Arbic countries. This in it sense promoted the replicability of the study for the particular setting. It also ensured that the results reported would be representative of the population studied.
The conclusions derived from the study results considered the variables tested and as such ensured its accuracy. The study recommended physical exercises to curb the impact of sedentary lifestyles but did not have physical activity as a variable in the study. Thus, failed to prove that physical activity will work or is even an acceptable cultural practice for the Aribic population who have strict religious rules.
Neumeister, V. M., Anagnostou, V., Siddiqui, S., England, A. M., Zarrella, E. R., Vassilakopoulou, M., . Rimm, D. L. (2012). Quantitative Assessment of Effect of Preanalytic Cold Ischemic Time on Protein Expression in Breast Cancer Tissues. Oxford Journals , 1815-1825.
The Authors focus on valuation of the influence pre-analytic cold ischemic may portray on protein expression in breast cancer tissues. The study included two different cohorts to assess the protein affinity to the specific antigen in the tissue specimens rendering delay in tissue fixation by formalin.
The study depends on accuracy measurement of protein expression in tissues. Since Pre-analytic variables, particularly cold ischemic time can affect the measurement and may cause false-negative results; hence, data quality is critical to gathering statistical data. The study outlines the need to have standardization in bio-banking and standard operating procedures which are key variables of the study therefore compromising the integrity of the study outcome (Lim, Dickherber, & Compton, 2011). It is therefore important to have improvement in clinical documentation, which is a key parameter for data quality. The study used various samples and various testing techniques to ensure on the accuracy of the data collected.
The conclusion derived from the study indicated that time factor created the difference in results reported and as such more time when testing the samples was recommended. However, the study should have exhausted the possibility of time variation on the results by having different time variations when testing the samples.
Sicotte, C., Lehoux, P., Fortier-Blanc, J., & Leblanc, Y. (2003). Feasibility and Outcome Evaluation of a Telemedicine Application in Speech-Language Pathology. Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare Vol.9(5) .
This research paper is an evaluation study assessing the feasibility and outcome of delivering speech-language services from a distance to children and adolescents who stutter. The study combines both techniques of qualitative and quantitative measures to evaluate viability and effect of telemedicine in speech-language pathology. However, the authors relied majorly on the qualitative aspect of data presentation expressed as either nominal or ordinal data set.
The paper gives a clear outline on the application of telemedicine as a diagnostic and treatment tool but lacks the emphasis on the numerical data available thus does not give a clear indication of Telemedicine application in speech-language pathology. In this study, data quality is a critical element in determining the outcome and efficiency of telemedicine. Data gathered is statistical presented to shown the efficacy of the study basing on qualitative data approach.
The quality of the data collected was ensured by using the pre-post treatment comparison method that indicated changes after the intervention. However, the sample size used in the study was quite small to create the impact that is recommended in the study. A larger sample size offers the possibility of increased accuracy of results. Conclusion and recommendations derived from the study are based on the fact that telemedicine has the possibility of reducing stuttering in children and adolescents. However, this results do not promise to be replicable or representative to the population studied because of the small sample size.
References
Human development report. (2011). Retrieved from United Nations Development Programme : http://hdr.undp.org/en/statistics/
International Diabetes Federation IDF Diabetes Atlas. 15th Edition, . (2011). Retrieved from International Diabetes Federation : https://www.idf.org
Lim, M., Dickherber, A., & Compton, C. (2011). Before you analyze a human specimen, think quality, variability, and bias. Analytical Chemistry , 8-13.
