32. Reagents used to test for carbohydrates
The Benedict’s and Lugol’s reagents are used for monosaccharide and starch tests respectively.
33. What results indicates positive tests for carbohydrates
The results of the monosaccharide test ranges from green to yellow to orange to brick read showing the presence of simple sugars with the same order used to demonstrate the concentration in the sample. In starch test, only a sample containing starch will turn blue-black.
34. Reagents used to test for proteins
The biuret reagent is used to test for proteins as it reacts with peptide bonds that are used to join amino acids in proteins.
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35. What results indicates positive tests for proteins
The change in color of the solution from blue to different shades of purple is an indicator that proteins are present.
36. Reagents used to test for fats and oils
Sudan IV and unglazed brown paper are the reagents used to test for fats and oils.
37. a. What results indicates positive tests for fats and oils
In the presence of lipids, Sudan IV will turn from pink to red while unglazed brown paper becomes clear when rubbed with lipids.
b. Test for lipids substances that are not liquid
Translucence Test
38. Concept map for the tests and reagents used to identify the macromolecules.
39. Is it possible for a food sample to have positive result in every test and what kind of food would it be?
Yes it is possible as in the case of Salmon and peach as they contain protein, monosaccharides, polysaccharides and lipids.
40. Is it possible for sample to have negative result in every test and what kind of food would it be?
Yes, this would mean that the food sample doe not contain either of the nutrients hence it is not appropriate for consumption.
41. What type of food substances does Benedict’s reagent test for?
Carbohydrates in particular the simple sugars like glucose.
42. What test would be positive for apple juice and why
The benedict’s test would come back positive as apple juice contains simple sugars which is a carbohydrate.
43. If one of he food samples was a meal replacement protein shake, which test result would be positive?
The biuret’s test should be positive as the food sample is a protein.
44. Does the Sudan IV test differentiate between unsaturated and saturated fats?
The Sudan IV test does not differentiate between levels of saturation of lipids in a food sample.
45. What effect does liquid soap have on oil
Soap is considered a surfactant where some of its properties are similar to that of water and some to that of oil. In this regard, the solution appears to have dissolved as the liquid soap breaks down the oil and water molecules. This process increases the surface area of the oil sample.
46. How does this activity simulate bile activity
The activity demonstrate the action of bile when secreted into the duodenam as it assists in the digestion process through action of bile salts that reduce faty substances and decreases its surface tension into froplets of fat so that they can be broken down.
47. Emulsification
This is the breakdown of the fat globules in the duodenum whereby it turns into tiny droplets that can be acted on by the enzyme pancreatic lipase due to the large surface area and can be digested into fatty acids and glycerol.
