Polymorphism refers to the discontinuous genetic variation which occurs as a result of different types or forms of individuals from a single species. The genetic variation sharply divides individuals of the same population into distinct styles. Separation of organisms into female and male sexes is one typical example of discontinuous genetic variation. Another example is the difference in the human blood types.
In criminology, it is generally accepted that there is a general pattern of committing crime in adult sex offenders. Sex offenders commit versatile criminal activity including non-sexual crimes. It is not apparent whether the offending model more characterizes the unlawful sexual activity explicitly. Type of victim influences sexual polymorphism. This refers to the inconsistency of victims in a series of crimes by the same offenders such as the domains of victim gender, age, and the relationship between the victim and the offender (Lussier, Leclerc, Healey, & Proulx, 2011). Several past studies have shown that the victim age polymorphic offenders manifest higher rates sexual recidivism as compared to offenders against children or offenders against adults. Even though recent studies show that there is a close association between the age, sexual recurrence and relation polymorphism, the relationship is not significant when the number of victims is controlled.
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Gender identity, variance, and dysphoria are believed to be a complex process which involves psychological factors. Studies on heritability have demonstrated that there is a genetic factor that is included in the development of gender dysphoria (Lussier, Leclerc, Healey, & Proulx, 2011). The relationship between crime and gender is profound, paradoxical and persistent. Even though gender has not been marked as the most critical factors which play the crucial role in dealing with different crimes, it is a factor which cannot be brushed off. It is commonly known that women and men differ in the patterns and rates of crimes and their experiences of victimization.
Many crimes involve family or acquaintance and interpersonal crime. The victim-offender relationship is typically looked at through several contexts including the period of stalking, home proximity method of homicide and fear of sexual assault (Lussier, Leclerc, Healey, & Proulx, 2011). Past studies have found that the level of intimacy between the victim and the offenders is traditionally viewed as the primary variable in the result of violent crime cases in the justice system of criminal activities.
Reference
Lussier, P., Leclerc, B., Healey, J., & Proulx, J. (2011). Generality of deviance and predation: Crime-switching and specialization patterns in persistent sexual offenders. Violent Offenders: Theory, Research, Policy, and Practice , 97-118.
