Explain Swedish sociologist Tornstam’s theory “gerotranscendence” and identify the fundamental sociology theory behind it. Do you agree or disagree with his idea? Why ?
Gerotranscendence is a concept that introduced a new understanding of aging; it explained that human development is a life-long process which, when optimized positively, can lead to a new perspective in old age. Tornstam elaborated that there are visible and ongoing personality development into old age. He stated that gerotranscendence individuals are the ones who establish a new understanding of the self, relationship to fellows, and the celestial degree of time, and the universe as a whole (Rajani & Jawaid, 2015). This theory is supported by continuity theory, which states that older people maintain consistency in both internal and external structures of their relationships by making specific choices. I agree with Tornstam’s theory since it captures the essence of successful aging through a transformation that is characterized by a new way of understanding life, activity, and oneself.
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Which sociological theory best describes your view of education? Explain why
Sociologists have continuously debated the function of education from different angles. The three main theories that they have used to explain their understanding of education include the functionalist, conflict, and symbolic interactionist theory. Indeed, the one that explicitly describes my view is the functionalist theory of education; it visualizes education as a fundamental socials institution in the community. This theory contends that knowledge mainly earned impacts on two crucial functions in a student’s life. The first is the manifest functions, which are regarded as the primary function of education, and they entail socialization, culture transmission, and social placement (Ballantine & Hammack, 2015). Then, the second one is the latent function that is considered to be secondary, and it entails courtship and development of the generation gap. The theory’s view is valid since, in recent years, schools have performed some roles that used to be assumed by family members; an example is the teaching about human sexuality.
Explain how voter’s social class can affect his or her voting practices
Social status is a measure of an individual’s class and position within society. Primarily, the social class often takes account of a person’s income, wealth, and education. This statement means that people from different social classes have distinct economic interests. Therefore, these differences in economic ideologies can then affect voter’s behaviors. Class affects not only the standard and separate interests, but it also affects a voter’s view on various issues like immigration and environmental regulations. During elections, it has been observed that the majority of working-class voters would want a more nationalized and active trade union. As a result, they tend to vote for a labor-oriented party (Curtice, 2019). Low class, however, has little enthusiasm for the issues considered by the working group, and therefore they often support a conservative party. However, in recent times class may no longer have a significant impact as it used to hold in the past.
Compare and contrast the healthcare system of the United States with the WHO’s Millennium Development Goals
United States healthcare system has made an impressive gain in achieving health-related targets that were set under the Millennial Development Goals (MDGs). One of the significant similarities is the focus on the reduction in child mortality; this result has been achieved through the promotion of a high level of immunization coverage (WHO, 2015). Another one is the improvement of maternal health, which has been fostered through the ease of access to reproductive health. US healthcare has also combated HIV/AIDS and malaria effectively as per the WHO goals. However, there is also a contrast between the American healthcare system and MDGs. An example is the failure to eradicate poverty since some citizens still live in a deplorable state. Lack of universal health coverage in the US has also been an issue as some citizens have no access to high-quality care. Life expectancy has also reduced due to an unhealthy lifestyle.
Given what we know about population growth, what do you think of China’s policy that limits the number of children a family can have? Do you agree with it? Why, or why not? What other ways high a country of over 1.3 billion people manage its population ?
The country enacted a 2-child policy to address the high rate of the country’s population. I think the strategy is valid at the moment since China’s population was increasing fast, and by introducing the policy, the government will be able to provide better education and healthcare to its citizens (Cheng & Duan, 2016). Nonetheless, I am afraid I have to disagree with it due to the following reasons: it goes against UN policies on reproductive rights, mainly targets the low-income families, nationals are mostly forced to leave the country to give birth to extra children, the plan was enforced inconsistently, and has created a mandatory contraception and sterilization policies. A country with a high population can implement birth control programs to manage the population. It can also offer family planning support, empower women, and encourage them to have few children. It can also provide education to its citizens to enhance an educated population.
References
Ballantine, J., & Hammack, F. M. (2015). The sociology of education: A systematic analysis . Routledge.
Cheng, P. J., & Duan, T. (2016). China’s new two-child policy: maternity care in the new multiparous era. An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology , 123(S3). https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.14290
Curtice, J. (2019). General election2019: Do people still vote according to class? BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/amp/election-2019-50543903
Rajani, F., & Jawaid, H. (2015). Gerotranscendence: A critical review. Journal of Psychological and Clinical Psychiatry, 4(1), 00184. https://doi.org/10.15406/jpcpy.2015.04.00184
World Health Organization. (2015). Health in 2015: From MDGs, millennium development goals to SDGs, sustainable development goals. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/200009
