Soil is not just lifeless dirt but rather different soil microbes that make it full of life. Although its nature is a result of an intersection of inanimate aspects such as time, rocks, weathering, and general biology, there is an inherently complex system of useful microorganisms that support plant growth and life in general. The unique chemical and physical properties of soil make it dynamic while at the same time, influencing its ability to support life. Soil pore water, gas, humus content, and soil nutrients are significantly impacted by the biological cycle. This, in turn, influences soil fertility and its ability to support life (Kozenko et al., 2020. In most cases, therefore, life is a dynamic component. Dust bowls are areas that have experienced extensive soil degradation as a result of unsustainable farming and other poor soil management practices such as uncontained soil erosion. This can be contextualized by some American as well as Canadian prairies that were significantly affected by dust storms in the 1930s (Kozenko et al., 2020). Some dust bowl factors include climate factors such as high temperatures and extended droughts. Human factors are also a significant cause. They include poor agricultural practices and not instituting ways to manage erosion. For example, deep plowing is one of the practices that contribute to the degradation of top fertile soil and increases the vulnerability of land to droughts and adverse weather. Although public skepticism about GMO consumption has been high since its introduction about 18 years ago, it is relatively safe to consume GMOs. There is no scientific evidence that GMOs are harmful. Before such foods are accepted into the market, they are keenly scrutinized to eliminate any doubt about their adverse effects on human beings. Even then, some GMO-related practices could result in farming practices that make food directly or indirectly harmful. Some of the genes used to modify crops, for example, influence the growth of herbicide-resistant weeds. If farmers pursue more potent herbicides and increased the use of herbicides, the chemicals used could find a way into consumed food, making it unsafe in the long run. Besides, the genes used and the methods could be a concern for some stakeholders (Johnson, 2019).
References
Johnson, A. T. (2019). GMO or OMG? IEEE Pulse , 10 (1), 30-31.
Kozenko, Z., Kozenko, Y., Filin, M., Zemlyanitsina, S., & Denisov, A. (2020, February). Expanded Reproduction of Soil Fertility: Theoretical and Practical Aspects. In IV International Scientific and Practical Conference'Anthropogenic Transformation of Geospace: Nature, Economy, Society'(ATG 2019) (pp. 128-133). Atlantis Press.
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