Summary and response to the "To Kill a Mocking Bird" and "Handmaid’s Tale"

To Kill a Mockingbird 

To kill a mocking bird is a fiction story narrated through the words of a young girl. The narrator, Jean Louise “Scout” Finch, is a six-year-old girl when the novel starts. The novel is set in a small town of May comb Alabama. Atticus Finch is the father and appears as the guardian and role model to his children. Scout has a brother call Jem ad a best friend, Dill. During the first part of the book, there is a narration detailing about the children’s adventures. The children spend a lot of their summer time discussing or trying to explore the life of phantom-like neighbor named Boo Radley. 

Eventually, Scout joins school and but she is disappointed by her teacher; the teacher criticizes her because she already knew to read and write scripts. During winter, there is tragedy as one of their neighbors’ houses catches fire. Later, Atticus, who is a lawyer by profession reveals, to his children that he will be defending a black client in a court trial. The client had been accused of raping a white woman. Atticus fears he might lose, but he sees it as an opportunity to make things right. 

The children find themselves in bad situations because their father is working for black client. One of the neighbors insults Atticus in presence of Jem. While other family members reprimand Atticus thinking he is “a nigga-lover”. The children realize that blacks are kind and hospitable. This is the reason they are supporting their father in defending a black client. The whites are represented as racist and dishonest scoundrels. There is heavy impact of racism in the community and some people are disadvantaged by it. 

Drug the trial, most of Atticus acquaintances are present in court to support him. The jury, though aware that Mr. Ewell is a dishonest man, admits his claim that Tom Robinson committed the crime of raping and beating up Mayella Ewell. It is evident the girl was not raped but was beaten up by her father for hosting a black boy in her father's house. The court, in a surprising verdict, declares Tom guilty and sends him to prison. The children, Atticus and other members of the community are disheartened by this verdict. 

Tom is shot dead when he tries to escape from prison. Mr. Ewell tries to revenge against Finch’s family for implicating him in the court case. He has also been stalking Judge Taylor and Tom Robinson’s wife. Boo Radley rescues the children and takes them to safety. Scout is excited to see Boo Radley in person. She realizes Boo is human and very kind. She walks him home and she reminisces how she never saw her again after that. She discovers that she has to see things in her own perspectives like her father taught her. The novel ends when Scout comes back home, curls herself in Atticus lap and falls asleep. 

Personal Response 

The book To Kill a Mockingbird uses the good descriptive detail to help the reader get a vivid picture of the setting. For instance, the Maycomb town is described as “tired old town… in rainy weather the streets turned to red slop; grass grew on the sidewalks, the courthouse sagged in the square. Somehow it was hotter then: a black dog suffered on a summer day: bony mules hitched to Hoover carts flicked flies in the sweltering shade of the live oaks on the square” (Lee, 1990). With this kind of description, the narrator provides a glimpse of the setting. The description is also important in setting the mood for the dull, sleepy town. The narration eventually prepares the readers for the conflict that occurs towards and during Tom’s trial. 

From the book, the reader can visualize that the wages of sin are death and destruction. After the trial, Mr. Ewell is enraged because Atticus and fellow Maycomb residents were involved in making him suffer humiliation. He is haunting Atticus family to revenge the humiliation. One night he approaches the children in the dark and attempts to kill them using a large knife. During the commotion, Jem has his hand broken a scout is helpless. Boo Radley comes to their rescue and stabs Mr. Ewell (Lee, 1990). 

It is evident that the book is a story about growing up. Scout, similar to other children in the novel is innocent and unaware of her community. The children are innocent almost throughout the novel, and they don’t see or understand the injustices that are happening. Their obsession with Boo Radley is a characteristic that is observable in growing children. Atticus realizes the children are growing and he instructs Scout to learn to walk in other person shoes, and this makes her try understanding people she interacts with. At first, the children are not careful to take into consideration of Boo’s feelings or thoughts. Eventually, when Boo, proves he is kind and hospitable; they come to like and respect him. 

The audience gets to learn that during the time of great need the people they overlooked can be of great significance. Mr. Boo Radley, the mysterious man comes to the rescue of the kids (Hazra, 2013). Additionally, in a bid to save the situation and Mr. Boo from the attempted murder trial, the sheriff declares that Mr. Ewell fell on his own knife so Boo is the hero in the attack and is left to go free. The children finally have a chance to meet the mysterious Boo, and they discover that he is human, kind and have good intentions. Scout tries to imagine what life is like for him. She is amazed to see he is human; she is now more convinced that she should practice sympathy and understanding and demonstrates that her experiences with hatred and prejudice will not sully her faith in human goodness (Hazra, 2013). 

I am of the opinion that the title of the book is symbolic, ideally to kill a mocking blurt would be an act that is meant to destroy innocence. Many characters in the book have been depicted to be mockingbirds – innocent, but they are injured or destroyed upon coming into contact with evil. Jem and Scout provide a good drama into the book by the thought that people are essentially good; they depict childhood innocence (Phelps, 1993). They highlight the perspective that people are essentially good because they have ever seen evil. They encounter evil in the society, and they have to use the understanding in interacting with the world- they have lost their innocence. 

Atticus Finch is the moral voice in the book; he is unique in the sense that he experienced ad understood evil but never lost faith in the human capacity of goodness. Atticus is of the philosophy that is wrong to kill a Mockingbird because they are meant to only sing beautiful songs, but they never hurt anyone. The Trial that Tom undergoes through is a good illustration of this fact. The whole community is convinced Tom is innocent and but the Jury is determined to kill his innocence just because he is black (Phelps, 1993). 

The book seems to have different classes of people. the narrator says “ Naw Jem I think there is just one kind of folks. folks.” but her brother is quick to correct there that people have classes and status; for instance there are the ordinary folks- the finches and their neighbors. There are the people who live by the woods like the Cunningham’s and the ones who live by the dump such as the Ewells. There is also the African American like the Robinsons; however Scout thinks peoples are just folks and are all equal. 

When the children start to be enlightened they discover that money is important to make them live a worthy life. Money makes people lead a successful life; this is something they learnt through their aunt Alexandra. The aunt informs them that money is more important than having a loving family. However the children have different perception about the same and thinks love is more important. 

The book has a major theme as the prejudice that occurs in the society. Characters in this community suffer because of their skin color or their interaction with the people of color. They are also judged based on the type of car they drive, and they dress. The novel succeeds in highlighting the evils that have been impacting the American society; mainly the issues of racism, discrimination, and prejudice have a barrier towards progress. Tom meets his fateful death because of prejudice though he is innocent. Atticus, who had high hopes that the trial would change the community, is heartbroken when Tom is shot dead. 

It is remarkable that the book concentrates on racism. Some readers may feel it uses specific language and terms that re-establishes racism in a particular way. However, the book is effective in dealing with serious issues such as family, raising kids in a bad neighborhood, racism, justice, prejudice, biases and bad education structures. The author addresses these issues in an understandable way using irony, and humor (Hazra, 2013). This has made the book to stand out among the best-written literature works that address social injustices. 

The book, though written many years ago, has a lot of significance to the modern society. At the beginning of the book, the reader is taken through an analysis of children's lives and how they try to explore the life around them. The children are full of the fascination of the shadowy character that lurks like a ghost in the neighborhood. Similarly, in real life, children are fascinated by questionable characters that seem mysterious. This style makes the novel to appear as a gothic fiction. Initially, readers had thought it to be generic because it is believed to have some link to the author’s life. 

The book is relatable to life in the south; it presents a spirit of the American south. Using the character and events in the book, the novel grew to be associated with life in the south. It delves into racial questions, its wilderness, and its peculiar social customs such as obsession with families. Today, fifty years after publishing the novel stands as literature that is meant to address racial injustice and is much relevant to the society. 

Critical Analysis 

In the book To Kill a Mocking Bird, it is apparent that the educators may be failing in their approach to teaching the kids. Miss Caroline says “Your father does not know how to teach. You can have a seat now” I mumbled that I was sorry and retired meditating upon my crime” (Lee, 1990). Rather than motivating the kid to learn, the teacher is determined to bring down the children by forcing them to follow her own unapproved approach. She is wrong because there is no chance that the parent can teach his or her kids irrelevant things. The teacher makes the narrate regret that she knows how to read and write scripts; she comes to think that it is a crime. Scout is even forced to apologize for her ability to read and write. The conversation depicts that people in Maycomb are insufficient in their thinking and perceptions. 

Atticus is a good and upright parent; he teaches his children how to be well behaved and how to live well with other people in the society. “‘First of all’ he said, ‘If you can learn a simple trick, Scout, you will get along a lot better with all kinds of folks. You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view-’… ‘until you climb into his skin and walk around in it” (Lee, 1990). Atticus appears as a source of wisdom, and he teaches his children important life lessons. His children come to respect him a lot and deeply value his advice. 

The author of the book uses good wits to pass information to the reader. For instance, Boo is described as mysterious and once injured his father using a pair of scissors. However, the readers discover something else about him in “two live oaks at the end of the Radley lot; their roots reached into the side-road and made it bumpy. Something about the trees attracted my attention. … Tin-foil was sticking out of a knot-hole just above my eye level, winking at me in the afternoon sun. I stood my tiptoe, hastily looked around once more reached into the hole and withdrew two pieces of chewing gum minus their outer wrappers” (Lee, 1990). It is definite that Boo Radley is the person who has been placing these gifts in the knothole o the oak trees. Despite once appearing as a mysterious man and a criminal, he wants to be friendly toward the children. He has learned the children’s interest in him, and therefore he places the gift on the oak tree for them. When one of the houses is burning in the neighborhood, Boo notices that the children are suffering from the winter cold and places a warm blanket on one of the kids. She also comes to the protection of the Finch children and Dill when Bob Ewell wants to kill them with a large kitchen knife (Phelps, 1993). 

The names that the author uses for the characters seem to be implying some meanings. The Name Scout implies she is a character who observes and collects information. When the children do the adventure she is the one who reports the details of what happens. She simply chronicles the events that happen in the book. Boo Radley is a malevolent phantom who is rarely seen, but he is undoubtedly alive. He seems to appear as a ghost. The nickname is ethereal and goes well with his character of eating wild animals and pets. 

The lawyer Atticus Finch openly criticizes what he sees as evil or injustice in the society about the prejudice that is evident in the society, he says that “ in our courts, when it’s a white man’s word against a black mans, the white always wins. They are ugly, but those are the facts of life. This is a way of condemning racism and the evils that are occurring in the society. 

For many decades after its publication, the book did not receive much critical attention. It was taken just like a good read rather than a profound statement of the American social history. However, with time it gathers much praise for representing the American social history. It came to be famous that it was considered to be the “most cited as making a difference in people’s life and was only comparable to the bible. The book is unique in the sense that the book highlighted the author’s real-life settings and incidents around her life. However, the author has refrained to talk extensively about this work and its link to her real life. She has not openly admitted it is a narration about her life and background. But there is a depiction of events that happen in the novel that also occurred in her life. 

The book serves and succeeds in being a statement against racism that was happening in America when it was written and published. In an eloquent manner, the book addresses the issue of racism and prejudice that was happening in the southern region of the USA, and many residents here can relate to the events in the book. Similar to Tom, many black people have been exposed to unfair and biased trials though they were innocent. Many blacks and people of color continue to languish in prison due to unfair sentencing for crimes they never committed. 

Most of the characters in the book, though they are just fictional, have gained popularity and become role models for generations. For instance, Atticus moral stand has continued to inspire readers for many decades. He is a veritable symbol of a man who stands by his own ideals and beliefs despite of widespread social opposition. Atticus uprightness and commitment is used to break myths of evil, immature and sexually voracious black man. Besides fighting for a black man against a prejudiced white community, he uses the opportunity to fight against stereotypes. The stereotypes had been highly planted in the community living in the south of US especially during the time of socio economic transition. Other characters, such as Boo Radley have also stood out as people who go to an extent to stand for truth and protect innocence. Boo Radley risked his life to protect the children from Mr. Ewell. 

It is evident that the Maycomb town has a long way to go regarding racial equality. The reader can clearly identify that Tom Robinson is innocent the verdict given comes as a shock. For the upright, it is a shock because they can side with the prejudice society and sees it as a great disappointment. For the children, the verdict is a great disappointment because they start to see the evil and the racist attitudes that the neighbors are harboring. This opens their eyes and ekes them realize that the world is a complicated place. 

The novel is optimistic that despite the killing of the harmless mockingbird; the community will come to the realization that they need to stop the injustices. There is hope in that Bb Ewell, the wicked person in the novel gets a terrible fate for his ill intentions to kill innocent people. Therefore, there is a natural balance in the world, and this will eventually help in stopping injustices in the society. As Scout curls up on her father’s lap, it is an indication that he has had her innocence altered, but it is not completely lost- she still finds comfort in her father’s guidance and advises (Hazra, 2013). 

The Handmaids Tale 

The book is about the Gilead society; a totalitarian and theoretical state that came to rise after the United States was taken by dictators. In this society women are regarded as Handmaids ad they only have a role in bearing children. The handmaids are given names that begin with the prefix “of’ and then the first name of their commander. The book contains flashbacks of Offred’s life and stories. 

The readers come to learn that Offred had a relationship with a married man and as a result gave birth to a daughter. There is an also a narration about Moira, her best friend who is presented as rebellious and assertive in nature. The original government that used to rule the land had been erased where the president was assassinated together with all the congressmen. Consequently, women lost their jobs, right to education, paper currency, and almost all basic rights. Subsequently, women try to migrate to neighboring countries, but most of them are caught and separated from their loved ones. Offred had tried t escape the brutality by migrating to another country, but she was unlucky because she was caught by the authorities. She was separated from her husband and daughter. 

Upon her capture, she is thrown at the women’s center she is taught to become a handmaid. She is forced to lose all the ideologies of that were taught to her in the past. She is sent to the house of one of the commanders who raps her regularly in a bid to make her bear children. This is seen as a countermeasure to address the low birth rates in the country. Her rights are limited, and she cannot move out without permission. She only goes out to do shopping once in a while. They are watched all the time by the guards. The women eventually get tired of the system, and they form a rebellion group named Mayday. 

Later Offred is introduced to Nick a guardian and one of the workers at the commander’s house. The commander likes Offred, and she stops treating her as a slave and even invited her to the house to play scrabble. It is formed this illegal activity that their friendship grows stranger. The commander sympathizes with her and uses the friendship to make her life as a handmaid bearable. Serena Joy, the commander’s wife, orders Nick and Offred to be having sex so that they can increase the opportunity of Offred becoming pregnant. 

Serena Joy wants him to get a child so that she can take the kid and raise it as her own. The commander takes Offred to the brothel in order to have sex with her without his wife realizes. It is in the brothel that she meets Moira, her best friend. Moira has submitted to the government and she does not have hopes of ever leaving the brothel. Offred notices she has minimal or no chances of leaving the women’s center. She is troubled to learn of her friend’s death- Ofglen committed suicide. Towards the end of the novel, the narrator sees a black van approaching, and she thinks she is being watched. Nick informs him he has devised a plan for her to be rescued by mayday. The reader does not get to know if the escape was successful or not. 

Personal response 

I am of the opinion that the author has succeeded in creating fictitious characters to support her story. They serve to show the hardships that women have to go through when the government is led by dictators. Offred is the narrator and protagonist in the novel. The novel is narrated through her point of view, experiencing events and memories that she has. Her thoughts are presented in the aside, flashbacks, and digression in the movie. She is presented as an intelligent, perceptive and kind character. She also bears faults that make her be human. She has some sense of humor that makes the readers enjoy reading the horrors of the Gilead society. She appears as n ordinary woman leaving in a bad environment. 

I would not term Offred as a hero in the story, but she is just a vessel through whose eyes the story is told. Her attempt to escape fails, and she does not come out strongly to resist the evils that are happening in Gilead. Its observable she is hardly a feminist champion because she is uncomfortable with her mother’s activism (Schmidt, 2015). She used to live low life, and she would go to cheap hotels for to have sex. It is in these hotels she used to meet and sleep with Luke, a married man. 

Offred is not bold enough to join the resistance group despite being pushed on it by her friend Ofglen. Her relationship with Nick makes her loose intentions of escaping from this society. Eventually, it is Nick who plans her escape and the reader does not get to know if the escape is successful. Therefore, Offred does not do much for herself; she appears as a complacent character. She seems to take for granted the freedoms that the activists won over the decades. 

The commander is the figure of oppression and represents the government in the novel. He stands as an ethical problem to Offred and the readers. He is among the people who are in charge in the country and promotes the dictatorship in the society. In person, he is sympathetic and friendly. He tries to make Offred’s life bearable though h rapes her frequently. His unhappiness and need of companionship make the reader to see the impact of the bad authority. His relationship with Offred reveals him as likable and can be kind or considerate. 

Additionally, there are characters like Serena Joy who is the wife of the commander. She is advocates for traditional values but does not come out strongly to defend the other women. She orders Nick to start having sex with Offred in order to hasten her opportunity of becoming pregnant. She is figure woo opposes feminism and has no compassion for fellow women. She is cruel and unsympathetic. Another character in the book includes Janine, Nick, Moira, and Ofglen. 

The Handmaids Tale is a book with feminist viewpoints about the society. It succeeds in showing the evils that happen in the society after a coup. Members of the community are forced to migrate and these results in separation among spouses and family members. In this novel, United States has changed to the Gilead society after a coup. Women are held as Handmaids, and their role is primarily to get raped and bear children. If a woman is declared barren, she is gunwoman, and she is tragically killed. Women are ceremoniously raped and in order to this events are similar to what happens to countries with failed or ousted governments. 

The audience can clearly see that the book highlights disregard for women and torture is applauded. Janine, one of the handmaids, is subjected to grotesque abuse – when she scoffs the new regime’s restriction on women, her right eye is plucked out (Atwood, 1986). There is also mistreatment and women are restricted in their bedrooms. 

It is apparent that women support the existence of the Gilead existence by serving as the agents of the totalitarian government. Serena joy is in a position of power. But instead of using her position to save and protect fellow women, she participates to promote the dictatorship. She is willingly working for the authority. She has power over Offred and she does anything in her power to make her life miserable. She raises the memories of her daughter in order to psychologically torture her. 

When women are mistreated and tortured by the authority or government, they resort to rebellion. The phrase” Nolite te bastardes carborundum” (Atwood, 1986). This is a Latin phrase which can be translated to “don’t let the bastards grind you down” it was carved into the wall by the predecessor of the room that the narrator occupies. It is a feminist rallying cry, and it is somehow gibberish. The woman who carved the words was rebellious, and it is said she committed suicide. In this society, women who are fertile are reserved as Handmaids. They are not allowed to read, work, own property or go anywhere without a guard. In a remarkable and yet demeaning event, the women are required to partake in ritualistic rape, once a month. This event is known as “the ceremony” (Atwood, 1986). This might be what the phrase was meant to refer to. The women are always grounded by the bastards including the commander and people from elite families. There are brutality and disregard for the females. 

The Latin phrase is seen as defiance of the system of Gilead society. The fact that the women are not allowed working or doing anything, and they are discouraged from establishing female relationships the woman who carved the words on the wall was acting like a feminist and wanted to show the society was rigid and illogical. Fear is used to limit the women from interacting or making friends. One of the handmaids exclaims “I didn’t read it I swear!” when a piece of information slips. She fears that her peers might report her to the commander and this would fetch a heavy punishment. 

The reader can visibly deduce that women are not supposed to make friends or speak candidly. They Handmaids cannot even interact with the guards, and the environment is mysterious and full if suspense. The women center is described “there was old sex in the room and loneliness and expectation of something without shape or name….”” the angels were not allowed inside the building except when called… they stood outside with their balks to us” (Atwood, 1986). The narrator claims that if they had an opportunity to interact with the guard's things would be different “if only they would look. If only we could talk to them. Something would be exchanged, we thought, some deal made, some tradeoffs…” (Atwood, 1986). 

The book, Handmaids Tales, is relevant to the community today in that it highlights the plight of migrant women. It shows the suffering they go through when government systems fail and there are dictatorship and lawlessness. It reminds us of the women held by terrorist groups and are sexually mistreated. When the society is unable to protect its females and blames women for its sorry state it can lead to suffering and massive deaths. The book serves as a feminist call for all members of the community to fight for mistreatment and violence against women and protect them by all means. 

Critical response 

In the Handmaid’s Tales novel, the author explores the consequences of a reversal of women’s rights. The book narrates how some conservative religious extremists have taken power and turned the sexual revolution on its head. In a counter effort, feminists demand that there should be liberation from traditional gender roles. This call is hard to implement because the Gilead society is rooted in “return to traditional values” philosophy and gender roles. They also believe in the subjugation of women by men. The previous decades had seen the feminist achieve wins in widespread access to contraception, the legalization of abortion and the increase in the political influence of female voters (Schmidt, 2015). This gains might be reversed with eh religious rights and the movements by religious conservatives. The novel reports that in 80 there was pollution and infertility that impacted families through declining birthrates, dangers of nuclear power and environmental degradation. 

In The Handmaids Tale, there is presence and manipulation of power. There is a dictatorship in Gilead, and all decision are mad deform top. No one of the subjects has the right to question the laws that are enacted in the society. For instance, when the wives and handmaids are discovered to be resisting the authority they are mercilessly killed. There is a law in this land that men who go against the law, for instance, if they rape women, they can be ripped off to pieces by women in a public execution event. In my opinion, this is lawlessness and was only allowed to happen during the time of colonization. It goes beyond human rights and privileges. 

The power is influential and can be felt in all aspects of the community. The government in Gilead has the right to govern and maintain structures of the community. The authority here covers the streets and individual homes with guards and guns. People are only free to think in their heads; this makes isolation to be real between individuals. 

The society of Gilead is under a totalitarian dictatorship. People in this society has no rights or any privileges. Commanders are the people who are in authority. They have integrated military men who work for them and watch every move that the citizens make. They also have the power to punish those that fail to abide by the law and rules of the land. Religions are shown to have a lot of power; however, this power is abused through public hangings, murder, and imprisonment. Women lack access to education, and this makes them ignorant and trapped in living low lives. Furthermore, they lack the right to their own bodies as they are frequently raped by the commanders to bear children. 

Sexual violence is used to bring women down. For instance women are forced to work in cheap hotels as prostitutes. There is also prevalent rape and pornography in the society. While some people mockingly say women are protect in the society, women are sexually mistreated. The people accused of rape and sexual immorality are killed mercilessly. Therefore violence has been institutionalized- for instance there is the Jezebels club and the authority are aware of it. 

Despite the bad environment, relationships are established. Offred had a good and close relationship with her mother, and she maintains a good relationship with her daughter before they are separated. She loves her daughter even in the dark days. This inspires the reader of maintaining relationships despite the bad circumstances they go through (Schmidt, 2015). She used to have a good relationship with Luke before being captured and thrown to the women’s center. They had built a family Luke regardless of the fact that Luke was a married man. The commander also forms a relationship with Offred due to the need for companionship. Offred’s life is a true depiction of the human need for relationships. 

Infertility is also a major theme in the book. Women’s infertility and men’s sterility is the issue that led to declining births, and the society was at the risk of becoming extinct. This is what made the dictators to institute the formation of the women’s center where women are forced to bear children. Any woman whose womb and ovaries are working properly are raped in order t raise children. The novel highlights the issue of increase in sterility and infertility, and this is threatening the existence of communities. It can be used as a warning of what might happen in the modern societies. 

There is the theme of sexual control in the novel. The gays and lesbians are executed. Pornography and sexual clothing are also destroyed, while the doctors who help women to abort are killed. Divorce and second marriage are outlawed, but bizarre marriages are encouraged due to a belief that they are supported by the Bible (Atwood, 1986). It is apparent that the regime fears sexuality. However, it is unsuccessful in controlling sex and sexual activities, the elites in the society find their ways into brothels for sexual pleasures and illicit relationships. It is, therefore, a fact that the regime cannot control people’s sexuality. 

The other dominant theme in the Handmaid’s Tales is the production of children. Children in the Gilead society are precious and a rare commodity. The production of children is an overarching goal for the society and affects every aspect of the community life. Members of the community are aware that they must produce children, but they do it using a weird approach. Rather than focusing on investing in parenting and family, they force immigrants to rape so that they can raise generations. This exposes them to diseases and prostitution. If the birth mothers cannot bear children, they are repeatedly raped and are killed mercilessly. Those who are lucky to bear children, they don’t have any right to keep them; the babies are taken from them forcefully. Chances of fertility for this community are reserved for men and their status in the community. 

The book has been criticized for being in support of negative utopian tradition; it is considered as a feminist’s negative utopia- dystopia (Schmidt, 2015). There is also the highlight in the way in which the more of contemporary society makes the society to have repressive views especially when characters are pushed to the extreme. Offred highlights how the authority is manipulating political language and information to control thought. The book is thought to be highlighting the Soviet propaganda that is being applied in western counters to enslave the people. As a feminist negative utopia, the book has some obvious villains. And also highlights the conflicts of the contemporary feminism. It is relatable that the book finds its inspiration from the holy bible where people are commanded to “be fruitful and multiply” (Schmidt, 2015). The bible also had the patriarchy use of maids to bear children especially if the wife was infertile. 

It is observable that the negative feminism is used to warn but not to prophesy. It is also used to spin out the implication s of contemporary views and practices. It is observable that if religious practices are not moderated, women could be denied their rights and liberties. There should be active feminists to promote the society by defending women form denial of their rights if religious groups are left to do their practices member of the community will suffer or die. In the novel, the religious leader and government figures participated to execute women who could not bear children. 

References 

Atwood, M. (1986).  The handmaid's tale  (Vol. 301). Everyman's Library Classics &. 

Hazra, N. (2013). To Kill a Mocking Bird.  Social Work Chronicle ,  2 (1/2), 129. 

Lee, H. (1990). To kill a mockingbird.  Litigation , 68-58. 

Phelps, T. G. (1993). The margins of Maycomb: A rereading of To Kill a Mockingbird.  Ala. L . Rev. ,  45 , 511. 

Schmidt, K. (2015). Religious Dystopia: Margaret Atwood, The Handmaid's Tale (1985) and its Film Adaptation (Schlöndorff/Pinter, 1990).