Spatial Patterns
The spatial patterns rely on the physical space to determine the arrangement of information. It is particularly effective for speeches where individuals wish to construct a mental picture depicting the relationship between objects in a physical location. The type of speech is most suitable for geographical talks (Brent, 2018). For instance, when a person wants to explain to another individual the arrangement of entertainment spots in New York, the spatial pattern is the best option to use. It evokes the speaker’s sense of organization and their ability to develop mental pictures that bring meaning.
Topical Pattern
The topical pattern is arguably the most utilized format of speech. Also, it tends to work in cases where the other patterns have failed to function properly. In a topical format, information is arranged in subtopics within a larger heading. It, therefore, focuses on the categorization of topics into smaller units within the larger structure. For instance, a writer wants to talk about wines. For the people to understand him properly, it is imperative that he classifies the wines based on color or the year of brewing. The technique is best for ideas that are interrelated with one another, thereby limiting the possibility of confusion. At the core of this method is to arrange information logically and further ensure that it gives meaning.
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Chronological Pattern
In this case, information is arranged based on the progression of time. The arrangement can either be forward or backward. The chronological format works best if the information can best be understood based on the different time segments (Jaffe, 2012). It also allows speech to flow in a chronological fashion. For instance, when talking about a technology, a chronological pattern dictates that one should begin with the origin, spread across various jurisdictions, any developments or manipulations, and possible extinction. Such an arrangement provides a sense of time and ensures that information is arranged sequentially.
Causal Pattern
The pattern focuses on providing the cause-effect of various situations and conditions. It is most effective when crafting a persuasive document where the speaker or the writer advocates for a strategy that seeks to solve a problem (Brent, 2018). It also draws a relationship between two variables. The pattern aims to explain how one variable leads to the causation of a phenomenon in the other variable. For example, when providing a speech on the number of lung cancers resulting from cigarette smoking, the speaker will likely use this strategy. Cigarette smoking will be the cause, and the development of lung cancer will be the effect.
Monroe's Motivated Sequence
Demetrious (2013) asserted that Monroe's Motivated Sequence is also used in the organization of persuasive speeches. Such speeches are meant to inspire individuals to take action. It is divided into five different stages, including attention, needs, satisfaction, visualization, and action. The first step is to get the attention of the audience by using examples, stories, and shocking statements. The next step, known as the need, aims at explaining the impact of the topic on the psychological need of the audience. In the satisfaction stage, the speaker needs to resolve the problem. In visualization, they will need to explain to the audience the impact of implementing or not implementing the suggested course of action. In the action stage, the speaker will tell the people what they can do at the individual level to contribute to the solution.
Reference
Brent, M. (2018). What Are the Five Organizational Patterns for Public Speaking? https://bizfluent.com/info-8540323-five-organizational-patterns-public-speaking.html
Demetrious, K. (2013). Public relations, activism, and social change: Speaking up. Routledge.
Jaffe, C. (2012). Public speaking: Concepts and skills for a diverse society. Cengage Learning.
