A military operation's success wholly lies in a concise, effective, and clear communication (COMM) approach. In many instances, the actions of the military around the globe feature in different news reports. However, one of the primary elements that the military remains secretive about is its operational culture that incorporates communication proponents, aspects hardly ever shared on public platforms. Out of this background, communication details a constant flow of information between different parties within an organization. An internal communicational approach in the military context entails sharing and exchanging information between individuals at different organization levels ( Nesterenko, 2017) . On the other hand, an external communication approach significantly differs from internal platforms since this approach extensively entails the flow of information to the external sources of an organization. External communication, in other words, deals with the flow of information between a single organization and the others outside the structures of an organization. These communication forms need to remain beneficial in a military organization to achieve a military organization's goal to close the capability performance gaps.
Analysis of the Problem
For the past few years, an Army battalion had no resources to spend on the modernization of its weapons. Increasing their soldier performance has a potential and lengthy list of some of the unmet futures of warfighting needs. Reports from the National Commission of the Future of the Army recently revealed that a year ago, the U.S., particularly to the Army, after a challenge in closing capability performance gaps amid having the latest technological and personnel skill advantage over their potential adversaries. Given this, an Army may not need billion-dollar solutions in finding solutions to some of the problems they encounter. On the other hand, the Army does not buy equipment to fight but develop capabilities that may play a critical role in winning some complex global issues such as war.
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In this case, one of the ultimate yardsticks that primarily used in measuring a national power revolves around military capabilities, a factor whose basis lies in communication. Military communication remains one of the most neglected tools in the closure of the capability performance gaps. Military communication, therefore, involves the transmission of data and information from reconnaissance and other units in contact with an enemy in a bid to exercise command through the transmission of instructions and orders to commanders and their subjects or subordinates (Mahmood et al., 2013). Military communication primarily comprises different means used to transmit messages, reports, orders, and information both at sea and in the field or between ships, distant installations, and the base headquarters. Therefore, military communication has played a fundamental role in warfare, establishing its importance in overcoming the challenges that several militia institutions encounter.
Internal Communication Platform
Internal and external communication approaches in military service lenses remain essential tools to enhance how information generation. The process also enhances the deriving, receipt, and dispensation of information within the military environment. However, the internal communication platform considerably varies from the external forum, with this attributed to include the vertical and horizontal proponents of communication ( Kononov Royzhov & Sakovych, 2018) . Vertical communication involves the constant flow and exchange of information from a single chain of command down to the units formed in the chain. On the other hand, a horizontal communication approach entails exchanging and exchanging information within a command chain between the commanders of the same rank or organizational base. The military's primary users' internal communication platform is either the agencies or military personnel associated with the safety of the army processes.
An internal military communication platform would inclusively incorporate systems used by agencies to share information and effectively dispensing information between themselves (Kononov, Royzhov & Sakovych, 2018) . These platforms include the techniques used in managing internal information, considered essential in supporting military missions. Examples of the internal communication platforms include processes that require generals to give briefs to battalion commanders on the details of a military mission and how to execute such tasks. Information provided through a protocol to the battalion commander often results in military plans. Another example of an internal communication platform remains evident in the briefs given to soldiers within a battalion. Therefore, commanders and supervisors' task their subordinates to ensure that the military and civilian members get adequate information through an internal communication approach.
Currently, military organizations are adopting AEW&C systems in the provision of both internal and external communication. These systems provide voice communications from the commanders to the mission operators and the flight crews in a military mission, thus enhancing internal communication ( Kononov, Royzhov& Sakovych, 2018) . An internal communication platform's primary purpose is to inform and command military organizations' activities and its people on administrative information that are distinct and provide directions from a single chain of command. It involves developing effective programs often utilized in keeping the internal audiences informed on military developments. On the other hand, external communication platforms aim to improve military work quality, ensuring that the commanding personnel is sufficient.
External Communication Platform
An external communication approach involves information flow between a single organization and others outside an organization's structure. Irrespective of communication forms utilized in a military operation, the internal-external communication approaches desired an army procedure's success. In external communication, a leader's priority remains a factor that provides an organization with enhanced communication systems. The process enhances the dissemination and the following of orders from the top authorities. In this case, communication flows from a single chain of command, in most cases, from the headquarters before transmission to the subordinates in command. The communication staff equips the commanders with effective communication systems ( Daussin et al., 2012) . The military chain of command's mission is to support the commanders through an effectual communication approach. To achieve this objective, there is a need to dispense information to personnel effectively and timely accurately. The administration of information to the audiences to improve the public's awareness of military operations, roles, missions, and activities takes a course through external communication platforms. Other issues related to these operations include clear-cut communication through an externalized communication approach in enhancing the organization's credibility.
Examples of external communication platforms in the military would include how the military relates to the media. The development of these activities provides information through mass communication to the audiences. Commanders and staff members prepare themselves before responding to the media's inquiries, issues, and statements by conducting press briefings and interviews to access pertinent information needed to develop relations with purveyors in the news sector ( Daussin et al., 2012) . On the other hand, external communication is evident in outreach activities designed to foster connections with external stakeholders who vitally develop interests in military activities and missions. Academicians, non-news media companies, military associates, and other think tanks are often prone to use these communication models. In most cases, the entities provide unbiased comments to improve the military's security and defense structures. Lastly, another example of an external communication approach would involve participating in a state's authority in receiving information about a military operation's success or failure.
Recommendations
Given the advancements in communication and the growing need to close the capability performance gaps, military institutions may need to focus their investments on modern communication systems and tools ( Nesterenko, 2017) . On the other hand, military institutions need to focus on investing in bandwidth/communication capacities that can close to current capability performance gaps. The investment in UAV sensors in enhancing communication between the military personals may equally play a vital role in contributing to an enhancing communication approach.
Conclusion
Military communication remains one of the vital tools in the closure of capability performance gaps. Military communication, therefore, involves the transmission of data and information from reconnaissance and other units in contact with an enemy in a bid to exercise command through the transmission of instructions and orders to commanders and their subjects or subordinates. As depicted, communication remains an integral element in the execution of any military function. Both the internal and external communication approaches within the military remain fundamental for various functions, with the chief objective being in ensuring the success of operations. Without a practical communication approach, military operations often encounter technical itches that would fail these operations.
References
Daussin R, Duncan M.A, Magnolia A.K, …et al. United States Patent. Apr, 2012. https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/2d/2d/7e/f09b3ba5aff062/US8154419.pdf
Kononov V, Royzhov Y, Sakovych L. Dependence Of Parameters Of Repair Of Military Communication Means On The Quality Of Metrological Support. Advanced Information Systems. 2018;2:91–5. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/bitstream/KhPI-Press/36737/1/AIS_2018_2_1_Kononov_Dependence_of_parameters.pdf
Mahmood M, Alameri A, Jawad S, Alani Y, Zuerlein S, Nakano G, et al. Cross-Cultural Communication Capabilities of U.S. Military Trainers: Host Nation Perspective. Military Medicine. 2013;178:631–7. https://academic.oup.com/milmed/article/178/6/631/4320196
Nesterenko M. Complex Analytical Models For Evaluating The Efficiency Of Transport Networks IP / MPLS. Information Technology and Security. June, 2017;5:106-14. https://ela.kpi.ua/bitstream/123456789/21503/1/ITS2017.5.1(8)-11.pdf
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