Types of leaders
Nelson Mandela is a leader who was not only loved by his people but by people around the world for his exemplary leadership. Mandela was born in Mvezo, British South Africa to a royal family of Thembu. He studied and practised law and began apartheid movements when in Johannesburg South Africa. Mandela was an anti-apartheid revolutionary, a philanthropist, and a political leader. He was the first to be elected in a fully democratic election and was the first black head of state. He served as South Africa’s president from 1994-199 and died on the 5th December 2013 at age 95.
Nelson Mandela is a transformational leader. Transformational leaders have the gift to connect with the followers and engage them in raising the level of morality and motivation in both the leader and the followers (Demirtas, 2013). Mandela as young as in his twenties gathers followers who share in his vision of the anti-apartheid movement.
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Transformational leaders aim to support the greater good rather than their self-interest by addressing individual self-actualisation needs (Demirtas, 2013). They also understand that in situations where followers feel distresses, charismatic effects work successfully. Consequently, Nelson Mandela is an epitome of the transformational leader whose values transcend beyond that of his own for the more significant benefit of humanity.
Mandela additionally is a transformational leader because he understood the involvement of numerous stakeholders in his agendas and therefore provided an interactive and inclusive environment to allow for effective communication, group discussion and open disagreements. He was a social architect who engaged in highly effective communication skills to succeed in is visions.
Global leadership
Three companies operating on a global scale are the MC Donald’s, KFC and Burger King. McDonald’s is a fast food franchising company that has operations in over 100 countries. As of 2016, the company had 36,900 outlets serving over 69 million customers. The company has 1.9 million employees, outstanding as the second largest private employer. 1.5 million Workers work for the franchises. KFC is a fast food restaurant chain whose focus is fried chicken. Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is the second largest fast food chains after the McDonald’s. The franchise business operates in 123 countries with 20, 000 locations as of 2015.by mid-1960’s KFC dad operations in the UK Canada, Jamaica and Mexico. Burger, on the other hand, operates 40 subsidiary businesses and has opened 350 locations within the United States (Pucic, 2014).
Most companies operating in a global economy usually get into a dilemma to strike a balance between the social and ethical challenges and the need to realize business success. In the foreign markets, there are some practices which may be termed illegal or immoral back home. Companies, therefore, have the burden to establish the limit they can stretch to accommodate international practices while at the same time minding business ethics and the need for business success. For instance, a global operator may decide to open a franchise shop in a country where political inclinations and social status at the time demand bribery of government officials to ascertain contractual agreements. The business may, therefore, have a problem to decide whether to issue bribe to proceed with her operations or to fail considering that bribery is unethical business practice (Pucic, 2014).
Global leaders must, therefore, have a global mindset that includes proper intellect and understanding of the intercultural relationship and ability to adapt to the diverse cultural orientations to promote the main agenda of their businesses, success.
References
Demirtas, O. (2013). Ethical Leadership Influence at Organizations: Evidence from the Field. Journal Of Business Ethics , 126 (2), 273-284. doi: 10.1007/s10551-013-1950-5
Pucic, J. (2014). Do as I Say (and Do): Ethical Leadership Through the Eyes of Lower Ranks. Journal Of Business Ethics , 129 (3), 655-671. doi: 10.1007/s10551-014-2190-z
