Outline
I. Introduction and Thesis
• The discovery of America led to the establishment of new global trade routes which had a significant impact on the lives of Americans.
• This however affected the Native Americans who fell victims of depreciation of the indigenous culture, influx of new diseases which they were not immune to and subsequent decrease in the population.
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II. First Main Point: Aspects of old and new world exchanges
• Establishment of trans-Atlantic connections
Trade was boosted following the discovery of new trade routes. Products were exchanged between the old and new world ( Boivin, Fuller & Crowther, 2012 ).
• Introduction of livestock and European rich agricultural products in America.
Products such as potatoes, rice, and sugar were introduced. Ecological effects of the introduction of European livestock to America.
• Spread of Christianity and erosion of the Native American culture.
III. Second Main Point: Groups affected by old and new world exchanges
• Africans
The African population was transmitted into slavery.
Africans received new goods from America.
• Native Americans
They were exposed to diseases such as smallpox, measles, and malaria for which they did not develop resistance ( Shi & Tindall, 2016 ).
The population of Native Americans decreased leading to the labor shortage.
Erosion of Native Culture.
• Europeans
Gained from the establishment of new trade routes.
Benefited from new crops and livestock that they transported from America to Europe ( Hirth & Pillsbury, 2013 ).
Due to new foods, the population increased.
• Asia
Received new products from America and benefited from trade.
New crops and livestock were taken from America to Asia.
IV. Third Main Point: New Global Trade Routes
• They gained new ideas from the old world which improved their lifestyles.
• Trade routes opened doors for new technology being introduced in America thus enhanced the lives of the locals.
• New trade routes created more job opportunities for the Americans due to new manufacturing companies that were introduced.
• This opened the era of global trade not only for the Europeans but also Americans
• New global trade routes boosted the economy of America thus improving the lives of the natives.
V. Conclusion
• The exchanges between the old world and the new led to a radical change in the face of the world as the trade was boosted.
References
Boivin, N., Fuller, D. Q., & Crowther, A. (2012). Old World globalization and the Columbian exchange: comparison and contrast. World Archaeology , 44 (3), 452-469.
Shi, D. E., & Tindall, G. B. (2016). America: A narrative history . WW Norton & Company.
Hirth, K. G., & Pillsbury, J. (2013). Merchants, markets, and exchange in the pre-Columbian world . Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection.
