Despite every body system being important, nervous system is one of the most important in body functioning. Nervous system consists of the brain, the spinal cord and the neurons. It is responsible of receiving and processing of all information from all parts of the body. In this paper we are going to discuss the homeostatic interrelationship between the nervous system and the secondary organs. A body organ can work by itself; however, for homeostasis to be achieved, organs should work together for normal functioning.
The functions and organization of the nervous system
Information in the body is received and processed by the nervous system. It is divided into many parts namely, peripheral and the central systems. The brain and spinal cord are contained deep it the central nervous system (CNS). Peripheral structure is beyond human brain and spinal cord. Peripheral structures are defined as the ganglia and the nerves. Nervous tissues contain regions that predominantly contain cell bodies and regions that only consist of the axons. These two regions are often referred to as the grey natter and the white matters.
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The anatomy and physiology of a neuron and the steps of an action potential
The human nervous systems contain many cells which include the supporting and the nerve cells. Conduction of the impulse in the body is carried out by the neurons and in turn reacts to stimuli. Neurons are more importantly functioning cell of the nervous system. Neurons are a cell and equally have a cell body and an extension of the cell. Each extension of the cell is referred to a process. Every neuron has an important process called an axon, which is a string of fiber that connects the neuron cell to its target. Neurons also consist of another process known as the dendrite. Dendrite receives most of the input from other surrounding neurons.
The functions of the major anatomical components of the brain
Cerebrum and cerebellum are the major parts of the brain while brainstem completes its structure. Cerebrum is composed of two main hemispheres, that is, the right and left. Cerebrum being the largest part of the brain is assigned functions such as hearing reasoning and speech. Maintenance of pressure in the body and muscles coordination is done by cerebellum, a part majorly located under cerebrum. Another important part of the brain is the brainstem. Brainstem is divided into three parts, pons, midbrain and the central part which is medulla. It has major anatomy which includes midbrain, pons, and the medulla. Cerebrum and the cerebellum are connected to the spinal cord by the midbrain. Brainstem regulates major functions of the body which includes heart rate, body temperature, coordination of wake and sleep cycle, and digestion process.
The five senses
Body systems does not work in isolation, common senses aids the nervous system to conjure all its functions. Human beings have five common senses which act as the basic tools that they use to perceive the world. The five senses include, sight, smell, hearing, taste, and touch. These senses are vitally important to how human bodies function. The five senses enable human beings to understand what is going on within the environment as well as how the body feels in all its operations. The eyes aids in the vision part while the tongue assist the body to feel the taste of food. Additionally, nose is important as it helps in smelling while the hear helps in hearing purposes. Touch is a basic feeling that human being experience in day to day life which are performed by the hands.
Interconnections of the organ system
A human body consists of eleven organ systems. These are: Integumentary system which protects the body from dehydration, microorganism injuries emanating from external environment. They include the skin, hair, nails and glands. The skeletal system is responsible in offering support to maintain body postures well as attachment sites for organs. Muscular system aids body movement, maintain posture and heat. Nervous system coordinates stimulus and offer response to the stimuli. Endocrine system regulates and control body physiological processes. These are mainly the glands. Circulation system circulates the blood throughout body. Lymphatic system defends the body against foreign bodies and other microorganisms attack. Digestive system helps in digestion and absorption of body minerals. Respiratory system helps in the gaseous exchange within the body. The urinary system helps in expelling waste products from the body and reproductive system which facilitates reproduction
The impact of disease on an organ system
Diseases and illnesses targets the entire body systems such as the circulatory system, digestive, endocrine, reproductive skeletal and the muscular systems. A disease is basically a malfunction of the body systems. This malfunction sometimes may be caused by external factor like pathogens, radiation and trauma. It can also be caused by internal factor such as the heritage of a disease causing gene. A disease hinders the normal functioning of a body system and even sometimes paralyses it totally. Diseases such as cardiac arrest affects the heart which is part of the cardiac vascular system and may sometimes cause death.
While some body systems are important, all systems work together in achieving a balanced state of the body. Nervous system plays a pivotal role in normal functioning of the body. It is divided in various parts such as the, spinal cord neurons and the brain. Apart from transmitting information, nervous system also process this information into fine details.
