Many studies have examined the relationship between policies surrounding counterterrorism and individual privacy. However, most of these studies formulate their hypothesis and conclusions based on the assumption that these policies are shaped by a security liberty trade-off whereby individuals choose policies at the expense of their liberty and vice versa. However, this assumption has been criticized since it relies on a non-factual basis that privacy and security cannot be simultaneously achieved since they co-exist antagonistically. Since the assumption could be based on cultural context, which conforms to a different environmental pattern, Brian Krueger and his peer's research focused on the relationship between surveillance and society in the United States. However, the study's findings reveal that most majority of the respondents in the United States do not conform to the assumptions of the trade-off framework. The researchers used five hypothetical questions that elaborate on counterterrorism policies and their impact on personal privacy ( Krueger, Best, & Johnson, 2020) . For example, respondents were asked about the impact of wiretapping telephone conversation on their privacy and its effectiveness in reducing terrorism. Based on the results, there are between six and 26 percent of responders who conform to trade-off assumptions that these policies would effectively reduce terrorism and individual's privacy ( Krueger, Best, & Johnson, 2020) . Most people believed that surveillance policies either negatively affected the citizens or had no effect in reducing terrorism. The article then explains how privacy policies and attitudes about the effectiveness of these policies are structured. The study's findings also reveal Americans' public opinion concerning domestic counterterrorism policies are consistent with their political predispositions and their existing knowledge ( Krueger, Best, & Johnson, 2020) . Therefore, it suggests that their attitudes are not only based on political values but also on the shape of messaging by the political class. Therefore, to protect citizens' affirming attitudes in the face of terrorism, the government needs to insist on maintaining a vigorous debate, especially from visible opposition leaders.
In light of this article, it isn't easy to generalize trade-off assumptions. According to securitization theory, governments often inflate crises to shape specific counterterrorism policy outcomes, including expanding the surveillance state. Even though the article tries to question European trade-off policies' assumptions, securitization theory limits the research's findings and conclusions. The government's system of identifying existent potential is often used to promote the acceptance of security policies and expand the powers of the government to new hemispheres. According to Krueger, for instance, the US executive purposefully amplifies terrorism levels to increase their international support and also implement aggressive anti-terrorism policies ( Krueger, Best, & Johnson, 2020) . The article also uses respondents’ political dispositions as a factor to determine their opinion while assessing the dimension of security. Even though the elite models within society can influence citizens' attitudes, the Receive Accept Sample Framework suggests that their influence depends on the individual’s predispositions and political knowledge. The article's main intention was to question previous trade-off assumptions; however, further studies should also conduct more research on the political class's effect on counterterrorism policies ( Krueger, Best, & Johnson, 2020) .
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To understand public opinion about domestic violence policies, it is critical also to contemplate the trade-off between security and liberty. Even though assumptions differ based on culture and geographical locations, political values and messages from political leaders influence public opinion. Therefore, while implementing policies, the political class should be involved, and their messages clearly outlined to resonate with the policies that need to be implemented.
Reference
Krueger, B. S., Best, S. J., & Johnson, K. (2020). Assessing Dimensions of the Security-Liberty Trade-off in the United States.
