Explain the relationship between the Federal and local government concerning Education policy. Which has the final word?
Regarding the education policy, education is essentially a federal and local administration responsibility. States and societies, along with public and private corporations, mandate learning institutions to develop core curriculum and ascertain admission and advancement requirements. The organization of education policy in America replicates the predominant role played by federal and state administrations. Of a projected $1.15 trillion being spent countrywide on education at every level, a considerable amount amounts from Federal and state sources (Fusarelli, & Fusarelli, 2015). Instead of authorizing direct federal administration of learning institutions, ESEA provides finance for education curriculums on a provisional basis.
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Despite the education policy being federal responsibility, State administrations have more control over education policies in the United States education system than the federal or local authorities. Moreover, every state should present their application for educational scholarships and funding independently to be entitled to federal finance. The states have power over their particular educational structures and for worthy causes. Although the federal administration does exercise its effect concerning funding, the states eventually make the pronouncements for the citizens’ well-being.
Give examples of three state-funded and three federally funded education programs. Are they effective? Explain.
With government agencies supervising fund distribution, this guarantees that the learning institutions are directing funds towards the educational programs and services provided and not having the funds go towards payments and gratuities for teaching employees. The federal-sponsored programs include IDEA special education grants, Head Start program, and Youth Build Program (Morgan, 2020). The program are effective as they guarantee that children with disabilities have access to education as the funds cater for special education tutors, therapists, and supplies. They are also effective as they are targeted towards older learners to offer them distinctive abilities that may be used throughout their professional occupations. Lastly, they are effective as they increase the education consciousness amongst learners from low-income households. Regarding state-sponsored programs, they comprise of tax credit scholarships, school vouchers, and state-sponsored lunch programs (Morgan, 2020). The vouchers are similar effective as they cater for private institution tuition and charges. To motivate individuals to contribute more, the state provides tax credits for the contributions. The effectiveness of lunch programs has been witnessed through learners concentrating on coursework for the entire day.
Do you think more of our major political decisions result from a kind of rational actor model or more of the bargaining model described in your textbook? Defend your rationale.
The major political decisions in the United States are attributed to a rational actor model. This is because the approach presumes that the key actor in the foreign policy is a rational person, in this case, the president, who may be depended upon to make knowledgeable, planned pronouncements that increase value and apparent advantages to the nation. The decisions rely on discrete state-level exchanges between the state and government conduct as a unit of analysis (Shahryarifar, 2016). In this case, it presumes the accessibility of comprehensive data to legislators for improved decision making and that decision made throughout time are both dependable and comprehensible. The political decisions made are made upon consideration of four essential aspects. They include identifying the problem, describing desired results, evaluating the concerns of latent policy choices, and ultimately making the most rational verdict to make the most valuable results (Shahryarifar, 2016). Every party tries to mollify its objectives, signifying that any mutual action depends on fruitful discussions and arriving at a final agreement with every entity.
Your textbook defines “satisficing” as an end to searching for the best option once a satisfactory alternative has been found, irrespective of whether that satisfactory alternative is the “best” one. Do you see such a process in our debates on major issues such as health care revision and immigration reform? Explain.
The immigration debate in America currently is virtually as fragmented as the nation’s migration system itself. In recent years, the discussion has been founded on an untrue contradiction that states America may either honor its antiquity and traditions as a country of migrants or living up to the ideals as a country of regulations by imposing the current immigration structure. In this case, the aspect of satisfaction can be illustrated in this major issue of immigration through the numerous recommendations made due to the on-going debate regarding immigration (Aguiar Boccardi & Dean, 2016). The debates have led to the suggestion of various mechanisms that will initiate reforms within the immigration policy. Foremost, the alternative reforms include building a generous and well-functioning legal immigration framework that may be receptive to the country’s changing wants. The second reform involves establishing a humane asylum and refugee structure that honors the country's historic dedication to be an area of refuge. Moreover, ensuring individuals that may require humanitarian protection obtain a fair and effectual judgment of the assertions devoid of foregoing the due procedure.
The Christian worldview contends that a profession is more than a chosen occupation; it is a “calling.” What profession might you be called to pursue? Explain.
There are numerous inner “clues” that aid in revealing one’s calling. Whilst the New Testament fails to offer a “formulation” for discriminating against God's calling, evaluating one’s gifts and capabilities is a vital element of the process ( Dik et al., 2019) . In this case, I believe the profession that I am called to pursue is in the military. It’s more than an occupation as it is an honorable vocation that will aid in developing discipline, getting me underway on saving for college and giving me a chance to get entangled in something larger than yourself, service to my country.
The calling was strengthened by the values exemplified in “obligation, honour, republic” and a way of life where the institution, with the community's backing, took care of its own. On gaining access to the Army, true specialists do not basically ‘take up the job.’ Rather, they ‘admit to a consecrated calling,’ one that completely submerges them, together with their group of qualified associates, in an occupation devoted to a solitary outstanding cause. The country’s defense is too significant to be left in the hands of job-related timeservers.
Read Chapters 6-9 of Judges. In the biblical example of Gideon, discuss how God used his weaknesses for a greater purpose. After reading the story of Gideon, explain how your weaknesses might be utilized for a greater purpose.
Gideon bears a weak character; however, God still chose him to save His people. According to Medley (2020), he is one of Joash’s sons, the vulnerable clan in Manasseh’s tribe. He similarly had more of "If's and But's." He continuously requires reassurance prior to pursuing his deeds. Judges chapter 6:12 says, "The Lord is with you, powerful soldier." However, since we lack conviction, we constantly request an indication of reassurance.
As a Christian, one of the weaknesses is failing to assess the challenges that occur. I also question God since I lack confidence and belief in Him. In every activity I undertake, I continually request signals and reassurance similar to Gideon’s case. He attempted to request signs on three occasions to guarantee himself that God truly picks him. Based on the story, Gideon fights for conviction Gideon had the might of the weak, and God's power is achieved in weakness . However, a powerful God could utilize a small and weak Gideon to liberate Israel. Like Gideon, my weaknesses can be used for a greater purpose by making people remember that everything transpires for a purpose. What we need is to put our faith and trust in the Lord.
References
Aguiar, V. H., Boccardi, M. J., & Dean, M. (2016). Satisficing and stochastic choice. Journal of Economic Theory , 166 , 445-482.
Dik, B. J., Reed, K., Shimizu, A. B., Marsh, D. R., & Morse, J. L. (2019). Career callings and career development. In International Handbook of Career Guidance (pp. 185-206). Springer, Cham.
Fusarelli, L. D., & Fusarelli, B. C. (2015). Federal education policy from Reagan to Obama. Handbook of education politics and policy , 1-24.
Medley, J. E. (2020). Defined by Moments: Leadership Lessons from Gideon the Biblical Judge . WestBow Press.
Morgan, H. (2020). Making America# 1 in Education with Three Reforms. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues, and Ideas , 93 (1), 5-11.
Shahryarifar, S. (2016). A Defence on the Prominence of Rational Actor Model within Foreign Policy Analysis.
