In their article, Treatment of Angina: Where are we? Balla, Pavasini, and Ferrari (2018) review literature to provide a descriptive analysis of angina as a common symptom in Ischaemic heart disease. Balla et al. rely on secondary research to present their findings. According to the article, it is challenging to define angina pectoris because it occurs in multiform nature. Its clinical diagnosis relies on subjective pain characteristics, including duration, trigger factors, duration, and quality. Balla et al. (2018) report that angina prevalence increases with age among both women and men. However, older men are more likely to be affected than older women. It affects and 5-7% of women aged between 45-64 years and 10-12% of women 65-84 years. On men aged from 45 to 64, it is 4-7% and 14-15% of those aged 65-84%.
Balla et al. (2018) report that non-cardiac, cardiac ischaemic causes cause angina or cardiac non-ischaemic factors. Currently, guidelines suggest that patients use antianginal therapy, which controls symptoms. Therapy is recommended before opting for coronary artery revascularization. Balla et al. (2018) state that the goal for anti-ischemic therapy is two-pronged- first is to eliminate symptoms safely, increases exercise duration, and enhance the quality of life. The other is to improve prognosis to prevent cardiovascular and cardiac infarction death. Cardiac conditions have lately been rampant and common because of weight complications. Scholars should read this article.
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Reasonably, it covers broad literature from different empirical research-oriented publications. The structure of the article is clear and provides a concise report of ideas.
Further, the article gives readers precise yet complex access to integral information on angina. Besides the apparent introduction, it follows through history, pathophysiology, pharmacological treatment, before concluding with a call for an individualized approach that factors patients, including their comorbidities and angina mechanisms.
References
Balla, C., Pavasini, R., & Ferrari, R. (2018). Treatment of angina: where are we? Cardiology , 140 (1), 52-67.
