There are three kinds of Institutional review board process: exempt, expedited and full board.
Components of Exempt Review
Research is exempted from federal regulations, and it is conducted according to educational settings and practices, e.g. curricula. Research involves educational tests such as cognitive and diagnostic methods, surveys, interviews and general behavior observation. Information recording entails subjects protection from identification. Research involving surveys, interviews and behavior observation when dealing with public officials. Research involving data collection and existing data from documents, records and specimens if they are available (Whitney et al. 2008). Projects conducted to study and evaluate the benefits of programs and their services to the public and evaluation of consumer acceptance and food quality.
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Components of Expedited Review
One qualified IRB officer reviews an expedited case unlike in exempt where IRB staff determines exemptions. The expedited review involves clinical drugs and medical devices study, blood samples collection, biological specimens, non-invasive data collection methods, e.g. MRI, material research, electronic data, behavior research and continued review of research (Larson et al.2004).
Components of Full Board Review
The review involves submission deadlines and more risk. Full board involves pregnant women, chronically sick individuals, prisoners, children, fetuses, mentally impaired individuals, the collection of highly sensitive information, illegal deals and procedures capable of causing physical, social, financial or psychological damage to an individual (Wolf et al., 2005).
Cause of Review Process Differences
Both exempt and expedited entail minimal risk while in full board, the risk is non-minimal.
Expedited review id handled you single researcher while the rest involve full staff.
The full board is time-bound as IRB have to meet while expedited and exempt are open.
References
Wolf, L. E., Walden, J. F., & Lo, B. (2005). Human subjects issues and IRB review in practice-based research. The Annals of Family Medicine , 3 (suppl 1), S30-S37.
Whitney, S. N., Alcser, K., Schneider, C. E., McCullough, L. B., McGuire, A. L., & Volk, R. J. (2008). Principal investigator views of the IRB system. International journal of medical sciences , 5 (2), 68.]
Larson, E., Bratts, T., Zwanziger, J., & Stone, P. (2004). A survey of IRB process in 68 US hospitals. Journal of Nursing Scholarship , 36 (3), 260-264.
