Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a medical term that describes the vomiting and nausea that a surgery patient experiences within the initial 24 hours after an operation or in the post-anesthesia care unit (PCU). According to Shaikh et al. (2016), postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is among the composite issues in anesthesia practice with the trend growing or abounding toward daycare and ambulatory surgeries. The authors further assert that PONV is the second most common complaint with pain being identified as the most common symptom. The most evident and precarious factor about the condition is that the incidence level is unacceptably high, which is attributed to the lack of immediate concern regarding the issue as well as the pathogenesis of the condition. Among the deleterious consequences of the condition that makes it a substantial issue is its ability to delay recovery and the ability of ambulatory patients to resume work, wound dehiscence, pulmonary aspiration, abrupt and unwarranted hospital admissions, and dehydration (Sheikh et al. 2016).
Considering the increasing trend of ambulatory services and surgery, the condition is poised to result in further complicated issues. The blame for the development of the condition is placed on the anesthetist regardless of evidential research that ascertains PONV develops from several other factors some of which are attributed to the patient, the anesthetics used or the surgery performed. In essence, this is a major challenge because it shows the level of ignorance regarding the condition. To this end, the anesthetics will continue to be on the receiving end until proper awareness within the public and medical fraternity is achieved. Another challenging part of PONV is the healthcare cost. Indeed, given the rising trend of incidences attributed to the condition, the medical cost has also spiked. Joo et al. (2019) ascertain that the current rate of incidence is between 75 and 80 percent, especially in the high-risk groups. The authors conclude that PONV remains as one of the most common medical reasons for admission and attest that the condition is a multifactorial issue that has no single solution.
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Searching for Evidence in CINAHL
The first step of researching involves accessing the CINAHL database by using a search engine such as Google to access the URL of the CINAHL database. The search result will reveal that the database is hosted by yet another journal publisher referred to as Ebsco Nursing Resources. Therefore, one needs to access the relevant displayed link on the search results to access the EBSCOhost website, which will switch directly to the CINAHL database tab. On this tab, one needs to locate the CINAHL complete tab, which by description gives fast and easy access to full-text peer-reviewed journals, evidence-based care sheets, and much more (EBSCO Nursing Resources, 2019). Subsequently, one needs to locate the search bar for the CINAHL complete database through which the database can be combed through for resources and materials.
On the search bar, an individual needs to type any title with the keywords or search terms ‘postoperative nausea and vomiting.’ The results returned will encompass different topics relating to PONV including those describing the condition, those elaborating on the challenges posed by the condition, and the ones offering solutions and interventions regarding PONV. For the objectives of the current research, it is recommended to select the articles that have been published within the last five years to ensure that the evidence or information obtained is up to date. In addition, it is necessary to ensure that the articles selected address why PONV is a challenge as well as the statistics to support the literature. From this point, one needs to deduce the information provided by the selected articles for the most relevant pieces to the research at hand.
References
EBSCO Nursing Resources. (2019). Access the best and most current nursing and allied health literature. EBSCO Industries . Retrieved from https://www.ebscohost.com/nursing/products/cinahl-databases/cinahl-complete
Joo, T., Kovac, A.L., Lubarsky, D.A., & Philip, B.K. (2019). PONV Management: Tackling the practical issues: PONV: Current management strategies. Medscape. Retrieved from https://www.medscape.org/viewarticle/522094_2
Shaikh, S. I., Nagarekha, D., Hegade, G., & Marutheesh, M. (2016). Postoperative nausea and vomiting: A simple yet complex problem. Anesthesia, essays and researches , 10 (3), 388-396.
