Egypt owed its stability to its natural barriers which barred off invaders. In the olden days, most people used to stays close to the river banks of the Nile. When the Nile River flooded its banks, it deposited fertile soil along its banks which enabled people to grow crops. During this period, Egypt was divided into the upper and lower sections, both ruled by pharaohs. Upper Egypt represents the southern part of Egypt characterized by a mountainous landscape. Lower Egypt refers to the northern part of Egypt close to the Mediterranean, characterized by desert plains. The nature of the landscape, the desert, the Nile, sandstorms and other features, naturally scared off invaders from attacking Egypt. This paper will explain why Egypt was rarely invaded and describe some of the reasons for its stability.
The southern part of Egypt is covered by numerous mountains, valleys, and hills. The north is mainly a desert plain. To the north, Egypt touches the meditation sea and the red sea, which naturally offers barriers to invaders from the north and the northeast. As described above, the Nile River provided Egyptians with their main source of livelihood ( Hamilton, 2007) . People carried out trading activities, finishing, crop cultivation in the black lands, and also used the river as a source of transport. This kind of settlement created a concentrated population along the Nile. It was then easy to defend themselves against any invasion as the people stayed close together. Invaders would also not gain direct access to the Nile which was covered by Egyptian settlers. Invaders from southern of Egypt who would have used the Nile as a means of transport also faced certain doom. The Nile in its upper section had a series of cataracts and waterfall at different parts.
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The mountainous nature of the south made it far much difficult to invade the country. In addition, the hilly south was also dry and had very minimal sources of water. It would take invaders days to get through the mountains in such conditions. On the other side, the north majorly appears as a flat desert land. Invaders could easily be spotted from a distance, and necessary strategies would be made to keep them off. The sandstorms in the desert killed many invaders, especially those who not familiar with the landscape. The northern border touches the Mediterranean Sea which strategically bars off invaders from the north ( Hamilton, 2007) .
With this kind of a geographical landscape, it was easy to deploy soldiers to certain points and successfully protect the whole country. For instance, many soldiers would be deployed along the Mediterranean border and the southern border. Invaders from the west or east could easily be spotted in the desert plains from far off distances. Egypt has also had powerful kings and rulers who united all people and ensured their protection. The Egyptian pharaohs had large, powerful armies and also fortified cities to keep people safe ( Vogel, 2010) . All these factors contributed to the long term stability of Egypt. The Kings ensured that the main entry points to the land were sufficiently protected making it difficult for any form of invasion to occur.
In conclusion, the natural barriers of Egypt contributed largely to the stability of its people. Other than the physical barriers, Egypt was also ruled by mighty kings who had strong soldiers. The Mediterranean and the red sea barred off invaders from the north and the north east. The vast and extensive desert plains made it hectic for invaders. Other natural barriers included the mountainous landscape in the south, cataracts, and waterfalls of the Nile and the sandstorms in the desert.
References
Hamilton, R. (2007). Ancient Egypt: the kingdom of the Pharaohs . Parragon Incorporated.
Vogel, C. (2010). The fortifications of ancient Egypt 3000-1780 BC (Vol. 98). Osprey Publishing.
